13 Coating defects and failures 13.1 Introduction 13 Surface preparation Coating materials 13. 4 Coating application 13.5 Transport and storage 13.6 Types of coating defects 13.6.1 Adhesion loss(flaking, peeling, etc. 13.6.2 Bacterial or fungal attack 13.6.3 Bleeding 13. 6.4 Blistering 13.6.5 Blooming or blushing 13.6.6 Chalkin 3.6.7 Cissing, crawling and fisheyeing 13.6.8 Cobwebbing 13. 6.9 Cracking 13.6. 10 Complete or partial failure to cure of two-part materials 3.6.11 Dry spray 13. 6.12 Fading 13.6.13 Lifting or pulling up 13.6. 14 Orange peel 13. 6.15 Pinholes and holidays 13.6.16 Pinpoint rustin 13.6. 17 Runs and sags 13. 6.18 Saponification 13.6.19Skin curing 13.6. 20 Spot-blast boundary breakdown 13.6.21 Thickness faults 13.6.22 Uneven gloss 13.6.23 Undercutting 13. 6.24 Wrinkling References 14 The selection of coating systems 4.1 Introduction 14.2 Factors influencing the selection of coating systems 14.3 Selection of coatings for specific environments 14.4 Types of coatings 14.5 Costs of protective systems C D.A. Bavliss and D. H. Deacon13 Coating defects and failures 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Surface preparation 13.3 Coating materials 13.4 Coating application 13.5 Transport and storage 13.6 Types of coating defects 13.6.1 Adhesion loss (flaking, peeling, etc.) 13.6.2 Bacterial or fungal attack 13.6.3 Bleeding 13.6.4 Blistering 13.6.5 Blooming or blushing 13.6.6 Chalking 13.6.7 Cissing, crawling and fisheyeing 13.6.8 Cobwebbing 13.6.9 Cracking 13.6.10 Complete or partial failure to cure of two-part materials 13.6.11 Dry spray 13.6.12 Fading 13.6.13 Lifting or pulling up 13.6.14 Orange peel 13.6.15 Pinholes and holidays 13.6.16 Pinpoint rusting 13.6.17 Runs and sags 13.6.18 Saponification 13.6.19 Skin curing 13.6.20 Spot-blast boundary breakdown 13.6.21 Thickness faults 13.6.22 Uneven gloss 13.6.23 Undercutting 13.6.24 Wrinkling References 14 The selection of coating systems 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Factors influencing the selection of coating systems 14.3 Selection of coatings for specific environments 14.4 Types of coatings 14.5 Costs of protective systems Contents xi © 2002 D. A. Bayliss and D. H. Deacon