1.7 Structural Formulas of Organic Molecules As you practice, you will begin to remember patterns of electron distribution. A neutral oxygen with two bonds has two unshared electron pairs. A neutral nitro- gen with three bonds has one unshared pa With practice, writing structural formulas for organic molecules soon becomes rou tine and can be simplified even more. For example, a chain of carbon atoms can be rep resented by drawing all of the C-C bonds while omitting individual carbons. The result ing structural drawings can be simplified still more by stripping away the hydrogens HHHH CH.,CH CH, becomes H H SImplified to In these simplified representations, called bond-line formulas or carbon skeleton dia- grams, the only atoms specifically written in are those that are neither carbon nor hydro- gen bound to carbon. Hydrogens bound to these heteroatoms are shown, however CH3CH2CH? CH,OH H, CH H PROBLEM 1.13 Expand the following bond-line representations to show all the atoms including carbon and hydrogen (a)∠ SAMPLE SoLUTIoN (a) There is a carbon ends of the chain. Each of the ten carbon of hydrogen substituents so that it has four H HHHHHHHH H HHHHHHH H Alternatively the structure could be written as CH3CH2 CH2CH2 CH2CH2 CH2CH2 CH2 CH3 or in condensed form as CH3(CH2)8 CH Back Forward Main MenuToc Study Guide ToC Student o MHHE WebsiteAs you practice, you will begin to remember patterns of electron distribution. A neutral oxygen with two bonds has two unshared electron pairs. A neutral nitro￾gen with three bonds has one unshared pair. With practice, writing structural formulas for organic molecules soon becomes rou￾tine and can be simplified even more. For example, a chain of carbon atoms can be rep￾resented by drawing all of the C±C bonds while omitting individual carbons. The result￾ing structural drawings can be simplified still more by stripping away the hydrogens. In these simplified representations, called bond-line formulas or carbon skeleton dia￾grams, the only atoms specifically written in are those that are neither carbon nor hydro￾gen bound to carbon. Hydrogens bound to these heteroatoms are shown, however. PROBLEM 1.13 Expand the following bond-line representations to show all the atoms including carbon and hydrogen. (a) (c) (b) (d) SAMPLE SOLUTION (a) There is a carbon at each bend in the chain and at the ends of the chain. Each of the ten carbon atoms bears the appropriate number of hydrogen substituents so that it has four bonds. Alternatively, the structure could be written as CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 or in condensed form as CH3(CH2)8CH3. H±C±C±C±C±C±C±C±C±C±C±H H W W H H W W H H W W H H W W H H W W H H W W H H W W H H W W H H W W H H W W H HO CH3CH2CH2CH2OH becomes becomes OH Cl W C H2C W W H2C CH2 CH2 ± C H2 ± H ± ± ± Cl ± CH3CH2CH2CH3 becomes simplified to H H H H H H ±± H H ±± ± H H ± ± ± ±± H±O±C±C±N±H H W W H H W H W W H 1.7 Structural Formulas of Organic Molecules 21 Back Forward Main Menu TOC Study Guide TOC Student OLC MHHE Website