I Sharp drop of prices, commodity ■2. Rise of capital 3. Technological innovations Consequences 1. Uneven development ■ developed countries restructuring or decline Chicago, Pittsburgh, Manchester, Lille, birmingham a developing countries Africa and latin america 2. Opportunities rapid growth new fields and networks u re-energized cities Berlin, vienna) 3. Challenges marginalized cities/countries rise of localism/communalism conflicts(Bosnia, former Soviet Union) m economic and polarization 1900 rich/poor gap 8: late 1980s rich/poor gap 36: 1 960 richest 20% world received 70% global income bottom 20% world received 2.3% global in come 1989 richest 20%world received 82% global income bottom 20% world received 1. 4% global income New global economic order New international division of labour (NIDL) 2. Comparative advantage 3. Open competition, free trade, markets 4. Foreign direct investment(FDD 5. Borderless economy Impact on Pacific Asia Uneven effect Asia beneficial results I FDI inflows Japan, Plaza Accord 1985) u 2 Spatial consequences world cities a growth triangles urban corridors extended metropolitan regions(EMrs)2 ◼ 1. Sharp drop of prices, commodity and energy ◼ 2. Rise of capital ◼ 3. Technological innovations Consequences 1. Uneven development ◼ developed countries ◼ restructuring or decline ◼ Chicago, Pittsburgh, Manchester, ◼ Lille, Birmingham ◼ developing countries ◼ Asia ◼ Africa and Latin America 2. Opportunities ◼ rapid growth ◼ new fields and networks ◼ re-energized cities (Berlin, Vienna) 3. Challenges ◼ marginalized cities/countries ◼ rise of localism/communalism ◼ conflicts (Bosnia, former Soviet Union) ◼ economic and polarization a.) 1900 rich/poor gap 8:1 late 1980s rich/poor gap 36:1 b.) 1960 richest 20% world received 70% global income bottom 20% world received 2.3% global income 1989 richest 20%world received 82% global income bottom 20% world received 1.4% global income New global economic order 1. New international division of labour (NIDL) 2. Comparative advantage 3. Open competition, free trade, markets 4. Foreign direct investment (FDI) 5. Borderless economy Impact on Pacific Asia Uneven effect Asia beneficial results ◼ 1. FDI inflows (Japan, Plaza Accord 1985) ◼ 2. Spatial consequences ◼ world cities ◼ growth triangles ◼ urban corridors ◼ extended metropolitan regions (EMRs)