3.所采取的步骤 The procedures adopted PVERT pi p2l T △=c.△T △h=c.△T &g=c, dT+ pdv q=cpdr-vdp Tas=C,dT+ pd Tds=c. dr-vdp R R ds===di ds=PdT-dp As=c In 2+rhn 2 As=c, hn2-Rhn △s=c.h2+Rh T pi Sw= pdv 6=-1 'dp dq= tasu c T h = c p T  = v  q c dT pdv  = v + Tds c dT pdv = v + dv v R dT T c ds v = + 1 2 1 2 ln ln v v R T T s c  = v + Tds = cp dT − vdp q = c p dT − vdpdp p R dT T c ds p = − 1 2 1 2 ln ln p p R T T s c  = p − 1 2 1 2 ln ln p p R v v s c  = p + w = pdv wt = −vdp q = Tds 3. 所采取的步骤 The procedures adopted 2 2 2 1 1 1 T p v T p v Pv=RT =