Nominal attributes a generalization of the binary variable in that it can take more than 2 states, e.g. red yellow, blue green Method 1: Simple matching m:# of matches, p: total of variables d(i,j)=Prm Method 2: use a large number of binary variables creating a new binary variable for each of the M nominal states6 Nominal Attributes ◼ A generalization of the binary variable in that it can take more than 2 states, e.g., red, yellow, blue, green ◼ Method 1: Simple matching ◼ m: # of matches, p: total # of variables ◼ Method 2: use a large number of binary variables ◼ creating a new binary variable for each of the M nominal states p p m d i j − ( , )=