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1942 Hakim S. Sultan Alibori fibers, to protect them from environments and external damage, and in many cases contributes some needed property such as ductility, toughness, or electrical insulation. Experimental studies on polymers reveal that matrix behavior is dependent on time of rate and frequency of the load application and the ambient temperature [5-6]. High stiffness and strength usually require a high proportion of fibers in the composite This can be achieved by aligning a large number of fibers into a thin sheet(alumina or ply). The thickness of the lamina is usually in the range of 0. 1 to 1.0 mm. there are many Classification based on Matrices Manufacturing of Composites Various processes have been developed for manufacturing composite materials and composite structures. Composite materials are fabricated using wet lay up, filament winding. Compression molding, injection molding. Pultrusion, Prepreg, resin transfer molding, sheet molding compounds and auto clave molding. The early manufacturing opposites used a hand lay-up technique(Fig 3) Although hand lay-up is a reliable process, it is by nature very slow and labor intensive. In recent years, particularly due to the interest generated in all types of industry, there is more emphasis on the development of manufacturing methods that can support high production rates. This section describes the different processes used to fabricate composites Mold Gel Coat Resin Release Film Reinforcements Figure 3: Hand Lay up Process of Composite Structure Hand lay-up The hand lay-up is the oldest fabrication process for the advanced materials. ( Fig. 3) However, the hand lay-up is the simplest and most widely used fabrication process Essentially, it involves manual placement of dry fibre in the mould or mandrel and succeeding application of resin matrix. Then the wet composite is rolled using the hand rollers to facilitate uniform resin distribution to ensure better interaction between the reinforcement and the matrix and to achieve the required thickness the1942 Hakim S. Sultan Aljibori fibers, to protect them from environments and external damage, and in many cases contributes some needed property such as ductility, toughness, or electrical insulation. Experimental studies on polymers reveal that matrix behavior is dependent on time of rate and frequency of the load application and the ambient temperature [5-6]. High stiffness and strength usually require a high proportion of fibers in the composite. This can be achieved by aligning a large number of fibers into a thin sheet (alumina or ply). The thickness of the lamina is usually in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 mm. there are many Classification based on Matrices. Manufacturing of Composites Various processes have been developed for manufacturing composite materials and composite structures. Composite materials are fabricated using wet lay up, filament winding. Compression molding, injection molding. Pultrusion, Prepreg, resin transfer molding, sheet molding compounds and auto clave molding. The early manufacturing method for fiber-reinforced composites used a hand lay-up technique (Fig 3). Although hand lay-up is a reliable process, it is by nature very slow and labor intensive. In recent years, particularly due to the interest generated in al1 types of industry, there is more emphasis on the development of manufacturing methods that can support high production rates. This section describes the different processes used to fabricate composites. Figure 3: Hand Lay up Process of Composite Structure. Hand Lay-up The hand lay-up is the oldest fabrication process for the advanced materials. (Fig. 3) However, the hand lay-up is the simplest and most widely used fabrication process. Essentially, it involves manual placement of dry fibre in the mould or mandrel and succeeding application of resin matrix. Then the wet composite is rolled using the hand rollers to facilitate uniform resin distribution, to ensure better interaction between the reinforcement and the matrix and to achieve the required thickness. The
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