D0I:10.13374/1.issnl00103.2008.07.036 第30卷第7期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.30 No.7 2008年7月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Ju.2008 喷射成形含锰高强AI一Zn一MgCu的组织和性能 蔡元华季飞王明记黄进峰段先进张济山 北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室，北京100083 摘要利用喷射成形和热挤压的方法制备了含锰为2%（质量分数）的高强铝合金A-8.82n一2.9Mg一1.6Cu合金，用X射 线衍射(XRD)、光学显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)等方法研究了铝合金的微观组织，并进行了力学性能 测试。研究结果表明：喷射成形制备的含锰铝合金经过热挤压和固溶处理后，基体组织为细小均匀的再结晶晶粒组织，平均尺 寸约8m·MAg颗粒在喷射沉积过程中沿晶界析出，经过热挤压后，尺寸大的颗粒破碎，大部分的颗粒则沿挤压方向产生一 定的塑性变形.固溶处理对MAs颗粒尺寸的影响不明显，但棒状/片状颗粒的边角处发生球化，有利于降低诱发显微裂纹的 应力或应变集中.时效后，铝合金达强度为775MPa,延伸率达4.3%，断口以细小的韧窝为主，尺寸小于500m· 关键词超高强度铝合金：锰：微观组织：力学性能：喷射成形：热挤压 分类号TG146.2+1 Microstructure and properties of spray-formed high-strength Al-Zn-Mg Cu alloy containing manganese CAI Yuanhua,II Fei,WANG Mingji,HUA NG Jinfeng.DUAN Xianjin,ZHA NG Jishan State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials.University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083.China ABSTRACT An Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy containing 2%Mn (mass fraction)was prepared by spray forming method and hot extrusion. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the spray-deposited Al alloy were studied by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy.X-ray diffraction,and tensile tests.The results show that the Al alloy has uniformly fine recrystallized grains with an av- erage size of 8m after hot extrusion and solid solution treatment.MnAl6 particles were precipitated at grain boundaries during the spray forming process,most of the MnAl6 particles were plastically deformed to some extent along the direction of extrusion during the hot extrusion process,and some large MnAle particles were fragged.The effect of solution treatment on the size of MnAl6 particles is negligible but the spheroidization of rod-like/plate-like particles occurred at the corner of these particles.The spheroidization of MnAls particles is benefit to the decrease of stress or strain concentration which would induce microcracks.When aged at 120C for 24h.the tensile strength of the Al alloy was increased up to 775 MPa with an elongation of 4.3%,and the fracture surface consisted mainly of dimples with a size lower than 500nm. KEY WORDS ultra-high strength aluminum alloy:manganese:microstructure;mechanical properties:spray forming:hot extru- sion 超高强度A1一Zn一MgCu(7000系)铝合金具有 近年的研究发现，在铝合金中添加一定量的合 比强度高及优良的综合性能，被广泛地应用于航空 金化元素锰，不仅可以显著的提高合金的强度，而且 及交通运输等领域山.随着科学技术的发展，对铝 铝合金的塑性或韧性不降低或略有降低，锰元素的 合金强度和韧性的要求日益提高，因此，在维持铝 这种良好的作用，使之成为高强铝合金中另外一种 合金高强度的同时，改善或提高材料的韧性，是铝合 重要的合金化元素2]. 金研究领域中重要而又紧迫的课题之一· 本文旨在通过喷射成形的方法，制备出含适量 收稿日期：2007-04-23修回日期：2007-10-16 基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(N。,2001AA332030) 作者简介：蔡元华(1969-)男，工程师，博士，Email:yheaiusth(@163.com喷射成形含锰高强 Al－Zn－Mg－Cu 的组织和性能 蔡元华 季 飞 王明记 黄进峰 段先进 张济山 北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室‚北京100083 摘 要 利用喷射成形和热挤压的方法制备了含锰为2％（质量分数）的高强铝合金 Al－8∙8Zn－2∙9Mg－1∙6Cu 合金‚用 X 射 线衍射（XRD）、光学显微镜（OM）和扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（T EM）等方法研究了铝合金的微观组织‚并进行了力学性能 测试．研究结果表明：喷射成形制备的含锰铝合金经过热挤压和固溶处理后‚基体组织为细小均匀的再结晶晶粒组织‚平均尺 寸约8μm．MnAl6 颗粒在喷射沉积过程中沿晶界析出‚经过热挤压后‚尺寸大的颗粒破碎‚大部分的颗粒则沿挤压方向产生一 定的塑性变形．固溶处理对 MnAl6 颗粒尺寸的影响不明显‚但棒状／片状颗粒的边角处发生球化‚有利于降低诱发显微裂纹的 应力或应变集中．时效后‚铝合金达强度为775MPa‚延伸率达4∙3％‚断口以细小的韧窝为主‚尺寸小于500nm． 关键词 超高强度铝合金；锰；微观组织；力学性能；喷射成形；热挤压 分类号 TG146∙2＋1 Microstructure and properties of spray-formed high-strength A-l Zn-Mg-Cu alloy containing manganese CAI Y uanhua‚JI Fei‚W A NG Mingji‚HUA NG Jinfeng‚DUA N Xianjin‚ZHA NG Jishan State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials‚University of Science and Technology Beijing‚Beijing100083‚China ABSTRACT An A-l Zn-Mg-Cu alloy containing2％ Mn （mass fraction） was prepared by spray forming method and hot extrusion． T he microstructure and mechanical properties of the spray-deposited Al alloy were studied by optical microscopy‚scanning electron microscopy‚X-ray diffraction‚and tensile tests．T he results show that the Al alloy has uniformly fine recrystallized grains with an av￾erage size of 8μm after hot extrusion and solid solution treatment．MnAl6 particles were precipitated at grain boundaries during the spray forming process‚most of the MnAl6particles were plastically deformed to some extent along the direction of extrusion during the hot extrusion process‚and some large MnAl6particles were fragged．T he effect of solution treatment on the size of MnAl6particles is negligible but the spheroidization of rod-like／plate-like particles occurred at the corner of these particles．T he spheroidization of MnAl6 particles is benefit to the decrease of stress or strain concentration which would induce microcracks．When aged at120℃ for24h‚the tensile strength of the Al alloy was increased up to775MPa with an elongation of 4∙3％‚and the fracture surface consisted mainly of dimples with a size lower than500nm． KEY WORDS ultra-high strength aluminum alloy；manganese；microstructure；mechanical properties；spray forming；hot extru￾sion 收稿日期：2007-04-23 修回日期：2007-10-16 基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目（No．2001AA332030） 作者简介：蔡元华（1969－）男‚工程师‚博士‚E-mail：yhcaiustb＠163．com 超高强度 Al－Zn－Mg－Cu（7000系）铝合金具有 比强度高及优良的综合性能‚被广泛地应用于航空 及交通运输等领域［1］．随着科学技术的发展‚对铝 合金强度和韧性的要求日益提高．因此‚在维持铝 合金高强度的同时‚改善或提高材料的韧性‚是铝合 金研究领域中重要而又紧迫的课题之一． 近年的研究发现‚在铝合金中添加一定量的合 金化元素锰‚不仅可以显著的提高合金的强度‚而且 铝合金的塑性或韧性不降低或略有降低．锰元素的 这种良好的作用‚使之成为高强铝合金中另外一种 重要的合金化元素［2－7］． 本文旨在通过喷射成形的方法‚制备出含适量 第30卷 第7期 2008年 7月 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol．30No．7 Jul．2008 DOI:10．13374／j．issn1001－053x．2008．07．036