Figure 10-7 40.,000 The effects of several alloying elements on the yield strength of copper. Nickel and zinc atoms are about the same size as but beryllium 0 re much 30.000 opper ng both ● erence and ing element Ne solution 20,000 Xe 10,000 0 10 20 30 Percent alloying element 固溶体随着溶质原子的溶入而晶格发生畸变，增大了位 错运动的阻力，使金属的滑移变形更加困难，从而提高 了合金的强度和硬度。这种通过形成固溶体使金属强度 和硬度提高的现象叫固溶强化。 固溶强化(solid solution strengthening) 1 固溶体 1.1.2 合金的晶体结构 P22 抗拉强度 硬度 断面收缩率 纯铜 220MPa 40HB 70% 含1%镍的铜固溶体 390MPa 70HB 50%