Pharmacology and Medicine ·Chemicals→drugs(preclinical::PK,PD,Tox) Clinical Phase I:clinical pharm.(safe dosage, maximal dose without obvious side-effect) Clinical Phase ll:Efficacy in clinical treatment, small group(~100)of patients Clinical Phase Ill:Large group,full evaluation Clinical Phase IV:Post-marketing clinical monitoring How to study pharmacology? Physiology,then pharmacology Know drug mechanisms,not just memorizing Experiment,if you can(work in laboratory) Learn great findings in pharmacology Understand the chemical and structural basis of drug action Be open-minded,find new trends Problem-based learningPharmacology and Medicine • Chemicals → drugs (preclinical:PK, PD, Tox) • Clinical Phase I: clinical pharm. (safe dosage, maximal dose without obvious side‐effect) • Clinical Phase II: Efficacy in clinical treatment, small group (~100) of patients • Clinical Phase III: Large group, full evaluation • Clinical Phase IV: Post‐marketing clinical monitoring How to study pharmacology? • Physiology, then pharmacology • Know drug mechanisms, not just memorizing • Experiment, if you can (work in laboratory) • Learn great findings in pharmacology • Understand the chemical and structural basis of drug action • Be open‐minded, find new trends • Problem‐based learning