Ossification of IP-based Infrastructure Huge innovation- email WWW in applications phone... SMTP HTTP Ossification BIP of the core protocols IP Relentless evolution ethernet PPP. of the underlying technology CSMA async Courtesy to M.Handley of UCL conner fiberOssification of IP Ossification of IP -based Infrastructure based Infrastructure email WWW phone... Huge innovation in applications SMTP HTTP Ossification RTP... of the core TCP UDP… protocols IP Relentless evolution ethernet PPP… CSMA as ync ion g Relentless evolution of the underlying technology 7 y sonet... copper fiber Courtesy to M. Handley of UCL