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P.M. Kelly, L.R. Francis Rose/ Progress in Materials Science 47(2002)463-557 473 ORIGINAL ORIGINAL LATTICE SHAPE Apply the L,LS Then the Bain strain BL Finally, RBL Fig. 3. Schematic illustration of the steps involved in the phenomenological theory of martensitic trans- formation. The changes to the crystal structure are shown on the left and to the macroscopic transforming The inputs required by the phenomenological theory are 1. The crystal structures and lattice parameters of the parent and product phases 2. The lattice correspondence between these two structures (i.e. which atom in the parent structure becomes which atom in the product structure) 3. The elements(plane and direction) of the lattice invariant shear L The lattice parameters, the crystal structures and the correspondence allow the Bain strain B to be calculated. An essential requirement for the Bain strain is that the principal strains of B must differ in sign (i.e. two tensile strains and one compressive $ / $ < $ $ $ $ ! $ ' ' 3 ' $ ' $ 4 % 3$ 4 $ $ ' F * / F $ $ O 3 ' $ % 0 $ $ ( ' $ ,- - . #-"- &! " / , $! ! 0 1 2)344 12%