Those that scaped the fire were slaine with the sword;some hewed to peeces,others rune throw with their rapiers,so as they were quickly dispatchte,and very few escaped.It was conceived they thus destroved about 400 at this time.It was a fearful sight to see them thus frying in the fyer,and the streams of blood quenching the same,and horrible was the stincke and sente there of,but the victory seemed a sweete sacrifice,and they gave the prayers thereof to God,who had wrought so wonderfully for them,thus to inclose their enemise in their hands,and give them so speedy a victory over so proud and insulting an enimie. As Dr.Cotton Mather,Puritan theologian,put it:"It was supposed that no less than 600 Pequot souls were brought down to hell that day." The war continued.Indian tribes were used against one another,and never seemed able to join together in fighting the English.Jennings sums up: The terror was very real among the Indians,but in rime they came to meditate upon its foundations.They drew three lessons from the Pequot War:(1)that the Englishmen's most solemn pledge would be broken whenever obligation conflicted with advantage;(2) that the English way of war had no limit of scruple or mercy;and (3)that weapons of Indian making were almost useless against weapons of Eurepan manufacture.These lessons the Indians took to heart. A footnote in Virgil Vogel's book This Land Was Ours (1972)says:"The official figure on the number of Pequots now in Connecticut itwenty-one persons." Forty years after the Pequot War,Puritans and ndians fought again.This time it was the Wampanoags,occupying the south shore of Massachusetts Bay,who were in the way and also beginning to trade some of their land to people outside the Massachusetts Bay Colony.Their chief,Massasoit,was dead.Hi son Wamsutta had been killed by Englishmen,and Wamsuttas brother Metacom (later to be called King Philip by the English)became chief.The English foond their excuse,a murder which they attributed to Metacom,and they began a war of eenquest against the Wampanoags,a war to take their land.They were clearly the aggrexsors,but claimed they attacked for preventive purposes.As Roger Williams,more friendly to the Indians than most,put it:"All men of conscience or prudence ply to windward,to maintain their wars to be defensive." Jennings says thete of the Puritans wanted the war;the ordinary white Englishman did not want it and often refused to fight.The Indians certainly did not want war,but they matched atrocity with atrocity.When it was over,in 1676,the English had won,but their resources were drained;they had lost six hundred men.Three thousand Indians were dead,including Metacom himself.Yet the Indian raids did not stop. For a while,the English tried softer tactics.But ultimately,it was back to annihilation.The Indian population of 10 million that lived north of Mexico when Columbus came would ultimately be reduced to less than a million.Huge numbers of Indians would the from diseases introduced by the whites.A Dutch traveler in New Netherland wrote in 1656 that "the Indians...affirm,that before the arrival of the Christians,and before the smallpox broke out amongst them,they were ten times as numerous as they now are,and that their population had been melted down by this disease,whereof nine-tenths of them have died."When the English first settled Martha's Vineyard in 1642,the Wampanoags there numbered perhaps three thousand.There were no wars on that island,but by 1764,only 313 Indians were left there.Similarly,BlockThose that scaped the fire were slaine with the sword; some hewed to peeces, others rune throw with their rapiers, so as they were quickly dispatchte, and very few escaped. It was conceived they thus destroyed about 400 at this time. It was a fearful sight to see them thus frying in the fyer, and the streams of blood quenching the same, and horrible was the stincke and sente there of, but the victory seemed a sweete sacrifice, and they gave the prayers thereof to God, who had wrought so wonderfully for them, thus to inclose their enemise in their hands, and give them so speedy a victory over so proud and insulting an enimie. As Dr. Cotton Mather, Puritan theologian, put it: "It was supposed that no less than 600 Pequot souls were brought down to hell that day." The war continued. Indian tribes were used against one another, and never seemed able to join together in fighting the English. Jennings sums up: The terror was very real among the Indians, but in rime they came to meditate upon its foundations. They drew three lessons from the Pequot War: (1) that the Englishmen's most solemn pledge would be broken whenever obligation conflicted with advantage; (2) that the English way of war had no limit of scruple or mercy; and (3) that weapons of Indian making were almost useless against weapons of European manufacture. These lessons the Indians took to heart. A footnote in Virgil Vogel's book This Land Was Ours (1972) says: "The official figure on the number of Pequots now in Connecticut is twenty-one persons." Forty years after the Pequot War, Puritans and Indians fought again. This time it was the Wampanoags, occupying the south shore of Massachusetts Bay, who were in the way and also beginning to trade some of their land to people outside the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Their chief, Massasoit, was dead. His son Wamsutta had been killed by Englishmen, and Wamsuttas brother Metacom (later to be called King Philip by the English) became chief. The English found their excuse, a murder which they attributed to Metacom, and they began a war of conquest against the Wampanoags, a war to take their land. They were clearly the aggressors, but claimed they attacked for preventive purposes. As Roger Williams, more friendly to the Indians than most, put it: "All men of conscience or prudence ply to windward, to maintain their wars to be defensive." Jennings says the elite of the Puritans wanted the war; the ordinary white Englishman did not want it and often refused to fight. The Indians certainly did not want war, but they matched atrocity with atrocity. When it was over, in 1676, the English had won, but their resources were drained; they had lost six hundred men. Three thousand Indians were dead, including Metacom himself. Yet the Indian raids did not stop. For a while, the English tried softer tactics. But ultimately, it was back to annihilation. The Indian population of 10 million that lived north of Mexico when Columbus came would ultimately be reduced to less than a million. Huge numbers of Indians would the from diseases introduced by the whites. A Dutch traveler in New Netherland wrote in 1656 that "the Indians ... affirm, that before the arrival of the Christians, and before the smallpox broke out amongst them, they were ten times as numerous as they now are, and that their population had been melted down by this disease, whereof nine-tenths of them have died." When the English first settled Martha's Vineyard in 1642, the Wampanoags there numbered perhaps three thousand. There were no wars on that island, but by 1764, only 313 Indians were left there. Similarly, Block No Profit Use Only