Introduction Definition of Big Data o Gartner(2012):"Big data is high volume,high velocity,and/or high variety information assets that require new forms of processing to enable enhanced decision making,insight discovery and process optimization."("3Vs") International Data Corporation (IDC)(2011):"Big data technologies describe a new generation of technologies and architectures,designed to economically extract value from very large volumes of a wide variety of data, by enabling high-velocity capture,discovery,and/or analysis."("4Vs") McKinsey Global Institute(MGI)(2011):"Big data refers to datasets whose size is beyond the ability of typical database software tools to capture,store, manage,and analyze.' Why not hot until recent years? 。Big data:金矿 。Cloud computing:采矿技术 。Big data machine learning:治金技术 日卡*24元至)风0 Li (http://cs.nju.edu.cn/lwj) Big Leaming CS.NJU 5/79Introduction Definition of Big Data Gartner (2012): “Big data is high volume, high velocity, and/or high variety information assets that require new forms of processing to enable enhanced decision making, insight discovery and process optimization.” (“3Vs”) International Data Corporation (IDC) (2011): “Big data technologies describe a new generation of technologies and architectures, designed to economically extract value from very large volumes of a wide variety of data, by enabling high-velocity capture, discovery, and/or analysis.” (“4Vs”) McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) (2011): “Big data refers to datasets whose size is beyond the ability of typical database software tools to capture, store, manage, and analyze.” Why not hot until recent years? Big data: 7¶ Cloud computingµÊ¶E‚ Big data machine learningµé7E‚ Li (http://cs.nju.edu.cn/lwj) Big Learning CS, NJU 5 / 79