presence of apcs such as dendritic cells that present tum or anti Although these cells can attack the tumor.the environment within the umomsuppressive,preventing immune-mediated Multiple ways of producing and obtaining tumour targeted T-cells have been developed.T-cells specific to a tumor antigen can be removed Subsequen an take pla e resu infused ah aon cellsttumorngouarh has made races in on and isolation of tumou dopdl erpy Asof1.multipeACT clinical trials were underway. andgrown prior the 空二二om Anti-CD47 antibodies Anti-cD47 antibodies.which block the p ein cD47 from telling the cancer host's immun m not to attack it,have been shown to eliminate or inhibit the growth of multiple cancers and tumors in laboratory tests on cells and mice.CD47 is present on many cancer cells and on many healthy cells.After the cancer cells have 尚 rophages,the host immune system's CD8+T Cells becom mobilized against the 7 is to use Pol silencing tool formed by DNA hairins.as shown in M e Anti-GD2 antibodies Carbohydrate antigens on the surface of cells can be used as targets for immunotherapy. D2 I a ganglioside found on the rtace of many mall cell hrain rhabdomvosarcoma ewing's sarcoma liposarcoma fibrosarcoma leiomyosarcoma and other soft tissue sarcomas.It is not usually The GD2 ganglioside expressed on the surface of normal tissu .mtin3tago0argtfor Immune checkpoints Immune checkpoints affect immune system functioning.Immune checkpoints can be stimulatory or inhibitory. bscan use these checkpoints to protect themselves from immune system attacks.Checkpoint therapy can block inhibitory One e receptor inter PD-1 nd 1 (PD-LI.CD274)PD-L inds to PDI Tcaweaom2 inhibit T cells that might othe atta k.Antibodies that bind to either PD-1 or PD-L1 and therefore block the interaction may allow the T-ce ells to attack the tumo CTLA-4 blockade