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工程科学学报,第37卷,第3期:345-352,2015年3月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.37,No.3:345-352,March 2015 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2015.03.013:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 锻造方式对Ti-6A-4V合金组织及取向分布的影响 李伟,彭桃,张麦仓四 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083 ☒通信作者,E-mail:mczhang@ust山h.edu.cn 摘要在快锻液压机上对T6A一4V合金进行了锻造变形,采用扫描电镜、背散射电子衍射技术以及X射线衍射技术研究 了不同锻造方式下合金组织及晶粒取向的变化规律.在单向徵拔和换向鐵拔两种不同锻造方式下,难变形区、小变形区及大 变形区中α相及B相的分布差别不大,组织均匀性基本一致,两种变形方式下锻坯不同区域的应变稍有差别.进一步对不同 变形区域形变织构的定量分析可知:在应变较小的边缘区域,变形主要以{0001}基面滑移为主,形成基面织构:在应变较大的 内部区域,织构明显转向{1120}、{100}等柱面织构:在应力集中的位置,会产生{1122}、{10i1}等锥面织构.两种锻造方式 均能提高T6A4V合金中形变织构的均匀性,而且换向镦拔优于单向镦拔 关键词钛合金;锻造:微观组织:织构:均匀性 分类号TG146.23 Effect of forging processes on the microstructure and texture distribution of Ti-6Al-4V alloy LI Wei,PENG Tao,ZHANG Mai-eang School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:mczhang@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT The microstructure and texture evolution of Ti-6Al-4V alloy under different forging processes on a free forging hydrau- lic press were investigated by scanning electron microscopy,electron backscattered diffraction and X-ray diffraction.It is found that the microstructures of Ti-6Al-4V alloy under different forging modes,unidirectional forging and cross upsetting and stretching,are nearly the same.The distributions of o phase and B phase in the difficult deformation zone,small deformation zone and large deforma- tion zone are very similar,while the strain is distinctive in different forging regions.Further observations indicate that,in the edge re- gion with small strain,the slip system is mainly the (0001)basal plane and forms the basal texture,(1120}and (1010}prismatic textures occur in the internal high strain region,while (1122)and (1011)pyramidal textures appear in the place where the stress concentrates.The two forging processes can both improve the uniformity of deforming textures;in addition,cross upsetting and stretc- hing is better than unidirectional forging. KEY WORDS titanium alloys:forging;microstructure;texture:uniformity 钛合金由于密度小,强度高,耐蚀性能好,具有钛合金,使用温度为400~450℃0.目前,国内外学 良好的热加工性,被广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、海 者对Ti6A14V合金加工工艺、组织以及性能方面展 洋船舶等行业-.T6A14V(TC4)是最早投入生开了广泛的研究5.You等切指出,变形过程中的 产并使用的结构钛合金,是典型的(α+β)双相热强 动力学不仅跟变形的速率、温度和变形量有关,而且 收稿日期:2014-08-20工程科学学报,第 37 卷,第 3 期: 345--352,2015 年 3 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol. 37,No. 3: 345--352,March 2015 DOI: 10. 13374 /j. issn2095--9389. 2015. 03. 013; http: / /journals. ustb. edu. cn 锻造方式对 Ti--6Al--4V 合金组织及取向分布的影响 李 伟,彭 桃,张麦仓 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京 100083  通信作者,E-mail: mczhang@ ustb. edu. cn 摘 要 在快锻液压机上对 Ti--6Al--4V 合金进行了锻造变形,采用扫描电镜、背散射电子衍射技术以及 X 射线衍射技术研究 了不同锻造方式下合金组织及晶粒取向的变化规律. 在单向镦拔和换向镦拔两种不同锻造方式下,难变形区、小变形区及大 变形区中 α 相及 β 相的分布差别不大,组织均匀性基本一致,两种变形方式下锻坯不同区域的应变稍有差别. 进一步对不同 变形区域形变织构的定量分析可知: 在应变较小的边缘区域,变形主要以{ 0001} 基面滑移为主,形成基面织构; 在应变较大的 内部区域,织构明显转向{ 112- 0} 、{ 101- 0} 等柱面织构; 在应力集中的位置,会产生{ 112- 2} 、{ 101- 1} 等锥面织构. 两种锻造方式 均能提高 Ti--6Al--4V 合金中形变织构的均匀性,而且换向镦拔优于单向镦拔. 关键词 钛合金; 锻造; 微观组织; 织构; 均匀性 分类号 TG146. 2 + 3 Effect of forging processes on the microstructure and texture distribution of Ti--6Al--4V alloy LI Wei,PENG Tao,ZHANG Mai-cang School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China  Corresponding author,E-mail: mczhang@ ustb. edu. cn ABSTRACT The microstructure and texture evolution of Ti--6Al--4V alloy under different forging processes on a free forging hydrau￾lic press were investigated by scanning electron microscopy,electron backscattered diffraction and X-ray diffraction. It is found that the microstructures of Ti--6Al--4V alloy under different forging modes,unidirectional forging and cross upsetting and stretching,are nearly the same. The distributions of α phase and β phase in the difficult deformation zone,small deformation zone and large deforma￾tion zone are very similar,while the strain is distinctive in different forging regions. Further observations indicate that,in the edge re￾gion with small strain,the slip system is mainly the { 0001} basal plane and forms the basal texture,{ 112- 0} and { 101- 0} prismatic textures occur in the internal high strain region,while { 112- 2} and { 101- 1} pyramidal textures appear in the place where the stress concentrates. The two forging processes can both improve the uniformity of deforming textures; in addition,cross upsetting and stretc￾hing is better than unidirectional forging. KEY WORDS titanium alloys; forging; microstructure; texture; uniformity 收稿日期: 2014--08--20 钛合金由于密度小,强度高,耐蚀性能好,具有 良好的热加工性,被广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、海 洋船舶等行业[1--3]. Ti--6Al--4V( TC4) 是最早投入生 产并使用的结构钛合金,是典型的( α + β) 双相热强 钛合金,使用温度为 400 ~ 450 ℃[4]. 目前,国内外学 者对Ti--6Al--4V合金加工工艺、组织以及性能方面展 开了广泛的研究[5--9]. You 等[7]指出,变形过程中的 动力学不仅跟变形的速率、温度和变形量有关,而且
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