烷基:从烷烃中去掉一个氢原子后余下的原子团。 通式:CnH2n+1-,或R一。 cH4—>CH3Me( methy) CH3CH3 - CH3CH2 Et(ethyl CH3CH2CH3 CH3CH2 CH2(n-C 3H7-)n-Pr(n-propyl CH3CHCH3(o或C3H3Pr CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 CH3CH2 CH2CH2(n-C4Hg)n-Bu CH3CH2CHCH3(secEis-C4Hg-), S-Bu CH3 CHCH2 CH3CHCH3 iso或i-C4 Hg i-Bu CH3 CH3 CH3 CCH3 terts或tC4 Hg t-Bu CH3烷基：从烷烃中去掉一个氢原子后余下的原子团。 通式：Cn H2n+1－，或R－。 CH4 CH3 Me(methyl) CH3CH3 CH3CH2 Et(ethyl) CH3CH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2 (n-C3H7 ) n-Pr(n-propyl) CH3CHCH3 (iso或i-C3H3-),i-Pr CH3CH2CH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH2 (n-C4H9 ) n-Bu CH3CH2CHCH3 (sec或s-C4H9-),s-Bu CH3CHCH3 CH3 CH3CHCH2 CH3 CH3CCH3 CH3 iso或i-C4H9 i-Bu tert或t-C4H9 t-Bu