82· 工程科学学报，第40卷，第1期 a b I mm f 100m 100m 图10试样断口及裂纹截面形貌.(a)、(c)、(e)同相加载；(b)、(d)、()反相加载 Fig.10 TMF fracture surfaces and cross section of specimens:(a),(c),and (e)IP;(b),(d),and (f)OP 低温半周初始循环硬化，随后持续软化的特征：同 thermo-mechanical cyclic loads.J Mater Eng,2002(10):11 时，反相加载比同相加载循环软化累积损伤更严重. (方健儒，姜启川，韩增祥，等。热作模具钢在高温热机械应 (4)同相加载时断口以主裂纹、撕裂脊和准解 力循环下的疲劳断裂行为.材料工程，2002(10)：11) [5]Tong Q,Wu X C,Zhou Q C,et al.Thermal fatigue mechanism of 理特征为主，裂纹少而深：反相加载时断口以疲劳条 SDH3 hot work steel.Trans Mater Heat Treat,2010,31(5):81 纹和大量的凹坑特征为主，裂纹多而浅. (佟倩，吴晓春，周青春，等.热作模具钢SDH3热疲劳机理 材料热处理学报，2010,31(5)：81) 参考文献 [6]Zhang G D,Liu S L,He Y H,et al.Effect of hold time on life [1]Persson A,Hogmark S.Bergstrom J.Simulation and evaluation of and behavior of thermal-mechanical fatigue in PM superalloy thermal fatigue cracking of hot work tool steels.Int J Fatigue, FGH95.Chin J Mech Eng,2004,40(11)144 2004,26(10):1095 (张国栋，刘绍伦，何玉怀，等.保持时间对FGH95粉末盘材 [2]Wu Y D.Wang J M.Failure analysis of aluminum die casting 料热/机械疲劳行为与寿命的影响.机械工程学报，2004,40 dies.Mater Mech Eng,1989(6):49 (11):144) (吴玉道，王洁民。铝压铸模具失效分析。机械工程材料， [7]Yan M,Sun Z L,Yang Q,et al.Mechanical mechanism of creep- 1989(6):49) thermal fatigue interaction.Chin Mech Eng,2009,45(1):111 [3]Nagao Y,Knoerr M,Altan T.Improvement of tool life in cold (闫明，孙志礼，杨强，等。蠕变-热疲劳交互作用的力学机 forging of complex automotive parts.J Mater Process Technol, 理.机械工程学报，2009,45(1)：111) 1994,46(1-2):73 [8]Jiang Q C,Fang J R,Guan Q F.Thermomechanical fatigue be- [4]Fang J R,Jiang Q C,Han Z X,et al.High temperature fatigue havior of Cr-Ni-Mo cast hot work die steel.Scripta Mater,2001, and fracture behavior of hot work die steel under mechanical and 45(2):199工程科学学报,第 40 卷,第 1 期 图 10 试样断口及裂纹截面形貌. (a)、(c)、(e) 同相加载;(b)、(d)、(f) 反相加载 Fig. 10 TMF fracture surfaces and cross section of specimens: (a), (c), and (e) IP; (b), (d), and (f) OP 低温半周初始循环硬化,随后持续软化的特征;同 时,反相加载比同相加载循环软化累积损伤更严重. (4)同相加载时断口以主裂纹、撕裂脊和准解 理特征为主,裂纹少而深;反相加载时断口以疲劳条 纹和大量的凹坑特征为主,裂纹多而浅. 参 考 文 献 [1] Persson A, Hogmark S, Bergstr觟m J. Simulation and evaluation of thermal fatigue cracking of hot work tool steels. Int J Fatigue, 2004, 26(10): 1095 [2] Wu Y D, Wang J M. Failure analysis of aluminum die casting dies. Mater Mech Eng, 1989(6): 49 (吴玉道, 王洁民. 铝压铸模具失效分析. 机械工程材料, 1989(6): 49) [3] Nagao Y, Knoerr M, Altan T. Improvement of tool life in cold forging of complex automotive parts. J Mater Process Technol, 1994, 46(1鄄2): 73 [4] Fang J R, Jiang Q C, Han Z X, et al. High temperature fatigue and fracture behavior of hot work die steel under mechanical and thermo鄄mechanical cyclic loads. J Mater Eng, 2002(10): 11 (方健儒, 姜启川, 韩增祥, 等. 热作模具钢在高温热机械应 力循环下的疲劳断裂行为. 材料工程, 2002(10): 11) [5] Tong Q, Wu X C, Zhou Q C, et al. Thermal fatigue mechanism of SDH3 hot work steel. Trans Mater Heat Treat, 2010, 31(5): 81 (佟倩, 吴晓春, 周青春, 等. 热作模具钢 SDH3 热疲劳机理. 材料热处理学报, 2010, 31(5): 81) [6] Zhang G D, Liu S L, He Y H, et al. Effect of hold time on life and behavior of thermal鄄mechanical fatigue in PM superalloy FGH95. Chin J Mech Eng, 2004, 40(11): 144 (张国栋, 刘绍伦, 何玉怀, 等. 保持时间对 FGH95 粉末盘材 料热/ 机械疲劳行为与寿命的影响. 机械工程学报, 2004, 40 (11): 144) [7] Yan M, Sun Z L, Yang Q, et al. Mechanical mechanism of creep鄄 thermal fatigue interaction. Chin J Mech Eng, 2009, 45(1): 111 (闫明, 孙志礼, 杨强, 等. 蠕变鄄鄄 热疲劳交互作用的力学机 理. 机械工程学报, 2009, 45(1): 111) [8] Jiang Q C, Fang J R, Guan Q F. Thermomechanical fatigue be鄄 havior of Cr鄄鄄Ni鄄鄄Mo cast hot work die steel. Scripta Mater, 2001, 45(2): 199 ·82·