And whereas of late years partial corrupt and unqualified persons have been returned and served on juries in trials,and particularly divers jurors in trials for high treason which were not freeholders; And excessive bail hath been required of persons committed in criminal cases to elude the benefit of the laws made for the liberty of the subjects; And excessive fines have been imposed: And illegal and cruel punishments inflicted; And several grants and promises made of fines and forfeitures before any conviction or judgment against the persons upon whom the same were to be levied; All which are utterly and directly contrary to the known laws and statutes and freedom of this realm; And whereas the said late King James the Second having abdicated the government and the throne being thereby vacant,his Highness the prince of Orange (whom it hath pleased Almighty God to make the glorious instrument of delivering this kingdom from popery and arbitrary power)did (by the advice of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and divers principal persons of the Commons)cause letters to be written to the Lords Spiritual and Temporal being Protestants,and other letters to the several counties,cities,universities,boroughs and cinque ports,And whereas of late years partial corrupt and unqualified persons have been returned and served on juries in trials， and particularly divers jurors in trials for high treason which were not freeholders； And excessive bail hath been required of persons committed in criminal cases to elude the benefit of the laws made for the liberty of the subjects； And excessive fines have been imposed； And illegal and cruel punishments inflicted； And several grants and promises made of fines and forfeitures before any conviction or judgment against the persons upon whom the same were to be levied； All which are utterly and directly contrary to the known laws and statutes and freedom of this realm； And whereas the said late King James the Second having abdicated the government and the throne being thereby vacant， his Highness the prince of Orange （whom it hath pleased Almighty God to make the glorious instrument of delivering this kingdom from popery and arbitrary power） did （by the advice of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and divers principal persons of the Commons） cause letters to be written to the Lords Spiritual and Temporal being Protestants， and other letters to the several counties， cities， universities， boroughs and cinque ports