工程科学学报，第39卷，第2期：259-266,2017年2月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.39,No.2:259-266,February 2017 D0L:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2017.02.014;htp:/journals..usth.edu.cn 温度对40Cr钢温挤压成形的摩擦-磨损性能影响 刘 伟)，孔德军12)四，吴凯)，凡志员) 1)常州大学机械工程学院，常州2131642)常州大学江苏省材料表面科学与技术重点实验室，常州213164 3)常州东吴链传动制造有限公司，常州213102 ☒通信作者，E-mail:kong-dejun(@163.com 摘要采用温挤压技术对40Cr钢进行成形试验，考察了不同温度下温挤压试样的摩擦-磨损行为.通过扫描电镜、能谱仪 和X射线衍射仪分析了40Cr钢磨损后表面形貌、化学元素分布和物相组成，讨论了40C钢温挤压的磨损机理.结果表明，在 挤压温度为550℃时试样晶粒尺寸细小，残余奥氏体含量较高，硬度最高，其磨损性能为最佳：而当温度为650℃和750℃时， 晶粒尺寸较粗大，残余奥氏体含量降低.在5N载荷作用下，挤压温度为550℃时，摩擦因数为0.7667：当挤压温度达到650 ℃，摩擦因数为0.8587，提高了12.01%，磨损性能降低：750℃时，摩擦因数为0.8764，相比550℃提高了14.31%，磨损性能 进一步变差：在550650和750℃时.磨损形式主要为磨粒磨损. 关键词温挤压；合金钢：挤压温度；磨损性能 分类号TG376:TH117.1 Effects of temperature on the friction-wear properties of 40Cr steel by warm extrusion LIU Wei),KONG De-jun'2),WU Kai FAN Zhi-yuan) 1)School of Mechanical Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164.China 2)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China 3)Changzhou Dongwu Chain Transmission Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213102,China Corresponding author,E-mail:kong-dejun@163.com ABSTRACT A forming experiment of 40Cr steel was conducted by using a warm extrusion technology,and the friction-wear behavior of the samples at different extrusion temperatures were observed.The wear morphologies,distributions of chemical elements and phase compositions were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM),energy diffusive spectrometry (EDS),and X-ray diffraction (XRD),respectively,and the wear mechanism of warm extrusion on 40Cr steel was discussed.The results show that the grains are samll by warm extrusion at 550C,the content of retained austenite is higher,and the hardness is the highest,showing that the wear resistance is the best.The size of grains is bigger and the contents of retained austenite decrease at the extrusion temperature of 650C and 750 C.The coefficient of friction is 0.7667 at the extrusion temperature of 550C under the load of 5N,while that is 0.8587 at the extrusion temperatures of 650C,which increases by 12.01%,and the wear performance decreases.At the extrusion temperature of 750C,the coefficient of friction is 0.8764,which increases by 14.31%compared with 550C,and the wear perform- ance is worse.The wear forms of the samples at 550,650 and 750C are common abrasive wear. KEY WORDS warm extrusion;alloy steel;extrusion temperature;wear performance 作为一种低淬透性调质钢[山，40Cr钢是是我国目采用40Cr钢制造传动件的关键技术在于改善其显微 前应用最广泛的合金调质钢之一【2-]，主要应用于制组织，达到提高耐磨损性能和使用寿命的目的.传统 造轴类、连杆和齿轮等力学性能要求较高的零件[4-6).热处理工艺多采用正火、调质、去应力退火等[-】，近 收稿日期：2016-04-25 基金项目：江苏省科技支撑计划（工业）资助项目(BE2014818):江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(KYLX160631)工程科学学报,第 39 卷,第 2 期:259鄄鄄266,2017 年 2 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 39, No. 2: 259鄄鄄266, February 2017 DOI: 10. 13374 / j. issn2095鄄鄄9389. 2017. 02. 014; http: / / journals. ustb. edu. cn 温度对 40Cr 钢温挤压成形的摩擦鄄鄄磨损性能影响 刘 伟1) , 孔德军1,2)苣 , 吴 凯3) , 凡志员3) 1) 常州大学机械工程学院, 常州 213164 2) 常州大学江苏省材料表面科学与技术重点实验室, 常州 213164 3) 常州东吴链传动制造有限公司, 常州 213102 苣 通信作者, E鄄mail: kong鄄dejun@ 163. com 摘 要 采用温挤压技术对 40Cr 钢进行成形试验,考察了不同温度下温挤压试样的摩擦鄄鄄磨损行为. 通过扫描电镜、能谱仪 和 X 射线衍射仪分析了 40Cr 钢磨损后表面形貌、化学元素分布和物相组成,讨论了 40Cr 钢温挤压的磨损机理. 结果表明,在 挤压温度为 550 益时试样晶粒尺寸细小,残余奥氏体含量较高,硬度最高,其磨损性能为最佳;而当温度为 650 益 和 750 益 时, 晶粒尺寸较粗大,残余奥氏体含量降低. 在 5N 载荷作用下,挤压温度为 550 益 时,摩擦因数为 0郾 7667;当挤压温度达到 650 益 ,摩擦因数为 0郾 8587,提高了 12郾 01% ,磨损性能降低;750 益时,摩擦因数为 0郾 8764,相比 550 益 提高了 14郾 31% ,磨损性能 进一步变差;在 550、650 和 750 益时,磨损形式主要为磨粒磨损. 关键词 温挤压; 合金钢; 挤压温度; 磨损性能 分类号 TG376; TH117郾 1 收稿日期: 2016鄄鄄04鄄鄄25 基金项目: 江苏省科技支撑计划(工业)资助项目(BE2014818); 江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(KYLX16鄄0631) Effects of temperature on the friction鄄鄄wear properties of 40Cr steel by warm extrusion LIU Wei 1) , KONG De鄄jun 1,2)苣 , WU Kai 3) , FAN Zhi鄄yuan 3) 1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China 2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China 3) Changzhou Dongwu Chain Transmission Manufacturing Co. , Ltd. , Changzhou 213102, China 苣 Corresponding author, E鄄mail: kong鄄dejun@ 163. com ABSTRACT A forming experiment of 40Cr steel was conducted by using a warm extrusion technology, and the friction鄄鄄 wear behavior of the samples at different extrusion temperatures were observed. The wear morphologies, distributions of chemical elements and phase compositions were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy ( SEM), energy diffusive spectrometry (EDS), and X鄄ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, and the wear mechanism of warm extrusion on 40Cr steel was discussed. The results show that the grains are samll by warm extrusion at 550 益 , the content of retained austenite is higher, and the hardness is the highest, showing that the wear resistance is the best. The size of grains is bigger and the contents of retained austenite decrease at the extrusion temperature of 650 益 and 750 益 . The coefficient of friction is 0郾 7667 at the extrusion temperature of 550 益 under the load of 5 N, while that is 0郾 8587 at the extrusion temperatures of 650 益 , which increases by 12郾 01% , and the wear performance decreases. At the extrusion temperature of 750 益 , the coefficient of friction is 0郾 8764, which increases by 14郾 31% compared with 550 益 , and the wear perform鄄 ance is worse. The wear forms of the samples at 550, 650 and 750 益 are common abrasive wear. KEY WORDS warm extrusion; alloy steel; extrusion temperature; wear performance 作为一种低淬透性调质钢[1] ,40Cr 钢是是我国目 前应用最广泛的合金调质钢之一[2鄄鄄3] ,主要应用于制 造轴类、连杆和齿轮等力学性能要求较高的零件[4鄄鄄6] . 采用 40Cr 钢制造传动件的关键技术在于改善其显微 组织,达到提高耐磨损性能和使用寿命的目的. 传统 热处理工艺多采用正火、调质、去应力退火等[7鄄鄄8] ,近