工程科学学报，第38卷，第1期：7786,2016年1月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.38,No.1:77-86,January 2016 D0l:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2016.01.011:http://journals..ustb.edu.cn Cr-Co-Mo-Ni齿轮钢的热变形行为及模锻工艺的有 限元模拟 唐海燕12)四，杨卯生引，孟文佳2，》，李京社2) 1)北京科技大学钢铁治金新技术国家重点实验室，北京1000832)北京科技大学治金与生态工程学院，北京100083 3)钢铁研究总院特殊钢研究所，北京100081 ☒通信作者，E-mail:tanghaiyan@metall..usth.cdu.cm 摘要在Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机上进行大变形等温压缩试验，研究CrCo-Mo-Ni齿轮钢的高温热变形行为和显微组 织，分析材料流变应力与变形温度和应变速率的关系，建立热变形过程的本构方程和热加工图.该材料的流变应力随着温度 的升高而下降，随应变速率的增加而增加；用双曲正弦函数式可描述其在热变形过程中的流变应力，热变形活化能为487.21 k·m…l:热加工图显示的适宜加工区间为温度1000-1100℃，应变速率0.1-1s.在热模拟试验基础上进行该钢种锻造 工艺的有限元模拟，并结合热加工图分析初锻温度和加工道次对于锻件温度和应变速率的影响，得出适宜的模锻工艺参数为 初锻温度1000~1100℃，锻造道次15次. 关键词齿轮钢：本构方程；热加工图：模锻：有限元法 分类号TG142.71 Hot deformation behavior of Cr-Co-Mo-Ni gear steel and finite element simulation of the die forging process TANG Hai-yan,YANG Mao-sheng,MENG Wen-jia,LI Jing-she 1)State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083,China 2)School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083,China 3)Institute for Special Steels,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China Corresponding author,E-mail:tanghaiyan@metall.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Large strain isothermal compression tests were carried out on a Gleeble-3800 thermal simulator to study the high tem- perature deformation behavior of Cr-Co-Mo-Ni gear steel.The constitutive equation and hot processing map of the steel were estab- lished based on experiment data.The results show that the flow stress decreases with increasing temperature,but increases with in- creasing strain rate.The flow stress can be described by the constitutive equation in a hyperbolic sine function and the averaged value of activation energy is 487.21 kJmol.The proper hot working regions shown by the hot processing map are the temperature of 1000- 1100C and the strain rate of 0.1-1s.In addition,the forging processes were simulated by finite element method based on the ex- periment,the effects of initial forging temperature and passes on the temperature and strain rate of forgings were analyzed,and the proper forging process parameters were obtained which are the initial forging temperature of 1000-100C and the forging passes of 15. KEY WORDS gear steel:constitutive equations:hot processing maps:die forging:finite element method 齿轮是机械结构间传递运动和载荷的重要部件.齿轮服役时，直接承受摩擦力和应力载荷，工作环境十 收稿日期：2015-06-18 基金项目：国家高技术研究与发展计划资助项目(2012AA03A503):钢铁治金新技术国家重点实验室自主研发基金资助项目(41603014)工程科学学报，第 38 卷，第 1 期: 77--86，2016 年 1 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 38，No． 1: 77--86，January 2016 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2016． 01． 011; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn Cr--Co--Mo--Ni 齿轮钢的热变形行为及模锻工艺的有 限元模拟 唐海燕1，2) ，杨卯生3) ，孟文佳2，3) ，李京社2) 1) 北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室，北京 100083 2) 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083 3) 钢铁研究总院特殊钢研究所，北京 100081  通信作者，E-mail: tanghaiyan@ metall． ustb． edu． cn 摘 要 在 Gleeble--3800 热模拟试验机上进行大变形等温压缩试验，研究 Cr--Co--Mo--Ni 齿轮钢的高温热变形行为和显微组 织，分析材料流变应力与变形温度和应变速率的关系，建立热变形过程的本构方程和热加工图． 该材料的流变应力随着温度 的升高而下降，随应变速率的增加而增加; 用双曲正弦函数式可描述其在热变形过程中的流变应力，热变形活化能为 487. 21 kJ·mol － 1 ; 热加工图显示的适宜加工区间为温度 1000 ～ 1100 ℃，应变速率 0. 1 ～ 1 s － 1 ． 在热模拟试验基础上进行该钢种锻造 工艺的有限元模拟，并结合热加工图分析初锻温度和加工道次对于锻件温度和应变速率的影响，得出适宜的模锻工艺参数为 初锻温度 1000 ～ 1100 ℃，锻造道次 15 次． 关键词 齿轮钢; 本构方程; 热加工图; 模锻; 有限元法 分类号 TG142. 71 Hot deformation behavior of Cr--Co--Mo--Ni gear steel and finite element simulation of the die forging process TANG Hai-yan1，2)  ，YANG Mao-sheng3) ，MENG Wen-jia2，3) ，LI Jing-she2) 1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China 2) School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083，China 3) Institute for Special Steels，Central Iron and Steel Ｒesearch Institute，Beijing 100081，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: tanghaiyan@ metall． ustb． edu． cn ABSTＲACT Large strain isothermal compression tests were carried out on a Gleeble--3800 thermal simulator to study the high tem￾perature deformation behavior of Cr--Co--Mo--Ni gear steel． The constitutive equation and hot processing map of the steel were estab￾lished based on experiment data． The results show that the flow stress decreases with increasing temperature，but increases with in￾creasing strain rate． The flow stress can be described by the constitutive equation in a hyperbolic sine function and the averaged value of activation energy is 487. 21 kJ·mol － 1 ． The proper hot working regions shown by the hot processing map are the temperature of 1000-- 1100 ℃ and the strain rate of 0. 1--1 s － 1 ． In addition，the forging processes were simulated by finite element method based on the ex￾periment，the effects of initial forging temperature and passes on the temperature and strain rate of forgings were analyzed，and the proper forging process parameters were obtained which are the initial forging temperature of 1000--1100 ℃ and the forging passes of 15． KEY WOＲDS gear steel; constitutive equations; hot processing maps; die forging; finite element method 收稿日期: 2015--06--18 基金项目: 国家高技术研究与发展计划资助项目( 2012AA03A503) ; 钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室自主研发基金资助项目( 41603014) 齿轮是机械结构间传递运动和载荷的重要部件． 齿轮服役时，直接承受摩擦力和应力载荷，工作环境十