于露等：基于光电容积脉搏波的有限空间生理疲劳测量 ·1221· mogroph.Med Biol Eng Comput,1984.22(3):212 0.14 未疲劳 疲劳 [2]Avolio A P,Butlin M,Walsh A.Arterial blood pressure measure- 11 0.2 ment and pulse wave analysis-their role in enhancing cardiovascu- D路7 lar assessment.Physiol Meas,2010,31(1):RI 0.10 [3]Gil E,Orini M,Bailon R,et al.Photoplethysmography pulse rate 0.08 variability as a surrogate measurement of heart rate variability dur ing non-stationary conditions.Physiol Meas,2010,31(9):127 0.06 [4]Hou L X,Wei M,Wang X,et al.A novel non-iterative shape 0.04 method for estimating the decay time constant of the finger photopl- ethysmographic pulse.J Zhejiang Unin SciA,2011,12(6):438 0.02 [5]Reisner A.Shaltis PA,McCombie D,et al.Utility of the photop- lethysmogram in circulatory monitoring.Anesthesiology,2008.108 D (5):950 受试者 [6]Huiku M,Uutela K,Van Gils M,et al.Assessment of surgical 图10高阶KC复杂度 stress during general anaesthesia.Br J Anaesth,2007.98(4): Fig.10 High-order KC complexity data 447 [Wang X.The Index for Monitoring Nociception based on the Modal- 4结论 ity of Photoplethysmogram Dissertation ]Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2012 利用有限空间载人实验，测量未疲劳与疲劳 (王选.基于光电容积脉搏波形态的伤害感受指数的研究[学 状态下光电容积脉搏波信号数据，根据波形表达 位论文].杭州：浙江大学，2012) 的生理意义，开发特征参数提取算法提取特征参 [8]Zang TZ,Zhang L J.Zhang L,et al.Causes and countermeas- 数.对比两种状态下特征参数，结合单因素方差分 ures of casualty accident induced by unexpected factors in limited 析和复杂度分析得出生理疲劳状态时光电容积脉 job space.J Nanjing Univ Technol Nat Sci Ed,2005,27(3): 103 搏波信号传导和形态变化特征.据此探究有限空 (藏铁柱，张礼敬，张丽，等.有限空间作业意外伤亡事故的 间环境下人体生理疲劳的客观变化规律.具体结 成因及其对策.南京工业大学学报（自然版），2005,27(3)： 论如下： 103) (1)短时间暴露在有限空间环境下，人体即产 [9]Bruck L.Confined space safety and rescue:challenges and lessons learned.Occup Hazards,2012,70(4):29 生生理疲劳，生理参数发生变化，尤其在心血管系 [10]Li G J.Research on Human Heat Tolerance under Extreme Hot, 统和循环系统中有明显表现.光电容积脉搏波信 Humid and Low-oxygen Environment Dissertation ]Tianjin: 号可以具体反映这种变化趋势 Tianjin University,2008 (2)考察三个光电容积脉搏波特征参数发现： (李国建.高温高湿低氧环境下人体热耐受性研究[学位论 疲劳状态下波形特征为传导周期显著大于未疲劳 文].天津：天津大学，2008) [11]Hancock PA,Vasmatzidis I.Human occupational and perform- 状态(p<0.001);下降支斜率增大，外周血管阻力 ance limits under stress:the thermal environment as a prototypi- 变大；上升支斜率减小，心搏射血量减少，射血速 cal example.Ergonomics,1998,41(8):1169 度减慢，心血管循环系统与细胞代谢系统对疲劳 [12]Liu Y,Qin Y.Analysis of confined spaces working accidents in 的应激反应表现相反.疲劳与未疲劳状态下波形 Beijing based on social network analysis.Ind Saf Enriron Prot, 特征差异明显，可以通过这种差异快速判断和测 2017,43(4):18 量生理疲劳 (刘艳，秦妍.基于社会网络分析的北京市有限空间作业事 故分析.工业安全与环保，2017,43(4)：18) (3)计算光电容积脉搏波信号KC复杂度与高 [13] Galtsev A P,Grechko E I,Dzhola A V,et al.Spectroscopic 阶KC复杂度发现两种复杂度的计算值均表现为未 measurements of atmospheric gas content:latitudinal distribu- 产生疲劳时复杂度值更大，而疲劳状态下的光电容 tions,seasonal variations,and long-period trends Proc SPIE 积脉搏波信号更平稳.这为利用信号复杂度的方法 2017 CIS Selected Papers:Optical Monitoring of the Environment. 判断生理疲劳提供依据，下一步的研究可以尝试更 Moscow,1993:104 [14]Verges S,Bachasson D,Wuyam B.Effect of acute hypoxia on 多种复杂度的计算，做进一步比较和误差分析. respiratory muscle fatigue in healthy humans.Respir Res,2010, 11(1):109 参考文献 [15]Allen J.Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical [1]Giltvedt J,Sira A,Helme P.Pulsd multifrequency photoplethys- physiological measurement.Physiol Meas,2007,28(3):RI于 露等: 基于光电容积脉搏波的有限空间生理疲劳测量 图 10 高阶 KC 复杂度 Fig. 10 High鄄order KC complexity data 4 结论 利用有限空间载人实验,测量未疲劳与疲劳 状态下光电容积脉搏波信号数据,根据波形表达 的生理意义,开发特征参数提取算法提取特征参 数. 对比两种状态下特征参数,结合单因素方差分 析和复杂度分析得出生理疲劳状态时光电容积脉 搏波信号传导和形态变化特征. 据此探究有限空 间环境下人体生理疲劳的客观变化规律. 具体结 论如下: (1)短时间暴露在有限空间环境下,人体即产 生生理疲劳,生理参数发生变化,尤其在心血管系 统和循环系统中有明显表现. 光电容积脉搏波信 号可以具体反映这种变化趋势. (2)考察三个光电容积脉搏波特征参数发现: 疲劳状态下波形特征为传导周期显著大于未疲劳 状态( p < 0郾 001) ;下降支斜率增大,外周血管阻力 变大;上升支斜率减小,心搏射血量减少,射血速 度减慢,心血管循环系统与细胞代谢系统对疲劳 的应激反应表现相反. 疲劳与未疲劳状态下波形 特征差异明显,可以通过这种差异快速判断和测 量生理疲劳. (3)计算光电容积脉搏波信号 KC 复杂度与高 阶 KC 复杂度发现两种复杂度的计算值均表现为未 产生疲劳时复杂度值更大,而疲劳状态下的光电容 积脉搏波信号更平稳. 这为利用信号复杂度的方法 判断生理疲劳提供依据,下一步的研究可以尝试更 多种复杂度的计算,做进一步比较和误差分析. 参 考 文 献 [1] Giltvedt J, Sira A, Helme P. Pulsd multifrequency photoplethys鄄 mogroph. Med Biol Eng Comput, 1984, 22(3):212 [2] Avolio A P, Butlin M, Walsh A. Arterial blood pressure measure鄄 ment and pulse wave analysis鄄their role in enhancing cardiovascu鄄 lar assessment. Physiol Meas, 2010, 31(1): R1 [3] Gil E, Orini M, Bailon R, et al. Photoplethysmography pulse rate variability as a surrogate measurement of heart rate variability dur鄄 ing non鄄stationary conditions. Physiol Meas, 2010, 31(9): 127 [4] Hou L X, Wei M, Wang X, et al. A novel non鄄iterative shape method for estimating the decay time constant of the finger photopl鄄 ethysmographic pulse. J Zhejiang Univ Sci A, 2011, 12(6): 438 [5] Reisner A, Shaltis P A, McCombie D, et al. Utility of the photop鄄 lethysmogram in circulatory monitoring. Anesthesiology, 2008, 108 (5): 950 [6] Huiku M, Uutela K, Van Gils M, et al. Assessment of surgical stress during general anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth, 2007, 98 (4 ): 447 [7] Wang X. The Index for Monitoring Nociception based on the Modal鄄 ity of Photoplethysmogram [ Dissertation ]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2012 (王选. 基于光电容积脉搏波形态的伤害感受指数的研究[学 位论文]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2012) [8] Zang T Z, Zhang L J, Zhang L, et al. Causes and countermeas鄄 ures of casualty accident induced by unexpected factors in limited job space. J Nanjing Univ Technol Nat Sci Ed, 2005, 27 (3 ): 103 (藏铁柱, 张礼敬, 张丽, 等. 有限空间作业意外伤亡事故的 成因及其对策. 南京工业大学学报(自然版), 2005, 27(3): 103) [9] Bruck L. Confined space safety and rescue: challenges and lessons learned. Occup Hazards, 2012, 70(4): 29 [10] Li G J. Research on Human Heat Tolerance under Extreme Hot, Humid and Low鄄oxygen Environment [ Dissertation ]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2008 (李国建. 高温高湿低氧环境下人体热耐受性研究 [学位论 文]. 天津: 天津大学, 2008) [11] Hancock P A, Vasmatzidis I. Human occupational and perform鄄 ance limits under stress: the thermal environment as a prototypi鄄 cal example. Ergonomics, 1998, 41(8): 1169 [12] Liu Y, Qin Y. Analysis of confined spaces working accidents in Beijing based on social network analysis. Ind Saf Environ Prot, 2017, 43(4): 18 (刘艳, 秦妍. 基于社会网络分析的北京市有限空间作业事 故分析. 工业安全与环保, 2017, 43(4): 18) [13] Galtsev A P, Grechko E I, Dzhola A V, et al. Spectroscopic measurements of atmospheric gas content: latitudinal distribu鄄 tions, seasonal variations, and long鄄period trends / / Proc SPIE 2017 CIS Selected Papers: Optical Monitoring of the Environment. Moscow, 1993: 104 [14] Verges S, Bachasson D, Wuyam B. Effect of acute hypoxia on respiratory muscle fatigue in healthy humans. Respir Res, 2010, 11(1): 109 [15] Allen J. Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical physiological measurement. Physiol Meas, 2007, 28(3): R1 ·1221·