8 10.1 Typical complex reactions 10.1.1 Opposing reaction /reversible reaction a-x k Principle of relaxation method for n k In at (x-x) at x。-x studying fast reaction k+ and k can be determined by measuring The time required for the equilibrium to resume after disturbance x at t and at equilibrium concentration k tk==In er opposing reactions t (x-x 1-2 opposing reaction A kB+C =(k++k)=kt (x。-x) Why opposing reaction a+B C+Dk+ and k− can be determined by measuring x at t and at equilibrium concentration. Principle of relaxation method for studying fast reaction 10.1.1 Opposing Reaction / reversible reaction e e e ln ( ) x x k at x x + = − e e e ln ( ) a x x k at x x − − = − e e 1 ln ( ) x k k t x x + − + = − e e ln ( ) ( ) x k k t kt x x = + = + − − Why? §10.1 Typical complex reactions 1-2 opposing reaction 2-2 opposing reaction Other opposing reactions The time required for the equilibrium to resume after disturbance