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第3期 黄进峰等:不同表面处理条件下身管烧蚀研究 ·327· 痖镀铬层 ·变形层 交白层 、 一基体 化合物层 过渡层 ”、 一基体 、 图7烧蚀工况下不同处理身管的失效模式.()镀铬身管:(b)氮碳共渗身管 Fig.7 Failure modes of gun barrels with different surface treatments under erosion condition:(a)chromium-plated gun barrels;(b)nitrocarburized gun barrels 的试样表面剥落没有镀层的剥落多,但是其基体腐蚀 [6]Montgomery R S,Sautter F K.Erosion and Its Control.AD 较为严重;而镀铬身管是在镀层剥落之后基体才受到 A123164,1982 7]Sopok S,Rickard C,Dunn S.Thermal-chemical-mechanical gun 火药气体的冲蚀,镀层保护下的身管只有轻微烧蚀 bore erosion of an advanced artillery system part one:theories and 4结论 mechanisms.Wear,2005,258(1-4):659 [8]Cote P J,Rickard C.Gas-metal reaction products in the erosion of (1)在模拟发射试验高温、高压和高速火药燃 chromium-plated gun bores.Wear,2000,241(1):17 气的反复冲刷作用下,镀铬和碳氮共渗表面处理身 9] Wang BZ,Wang LG,Wang Y J,et al.Initial study of erosion 管内膛均产生了明显烧蚀磨损. resistant plasma nitriding.Ordnance Mater Sci Eng,1980,3(5): 21 (2)镀铬身管受到火药气体的冲刷以及铬层本 (王步震,王林阁,王渝江,等.离子氮化防烧蚀的初步研究 身的脆性导致镀层内产生显微裂纹,并沿着镀层与 兵器材料科学与工程,1980,3(5):21) 基体界面扩展,裂纹独立或交互作用导致铬层剥落. [10]Yang F X.Researches on the chromium plating for the anti-abla- (3)碳氮共渗之后的身管表面生成硬度高、脆 tion in the internal bore of large caliber gun with high pressure. 性大的白亮层,在火药气氛的冲击下表面产生大量 Surf Technol,1990,19(3):20 (杨风轩.大口径火炮身管内膛防烧蚀镀铬.表面技术, 的网状裂纹,裂纹由内表面延伸至基体导致身管的 1990,19(3):20) 腐蚀剥落 [11]Fen X M,Chen J Z,Xu T X.Erosion resistance evaluation of three coatings.J Ballist,2000.12(1)65 参考文献 (樊新民,陈健中,徐天祥.三种镀覆层材料抗烧蚀性能评 [Wu B,Xia W,Tang Y,et al.A review on thermal effects during 价.弹道学报,2000,12(1):65) the firing process and measures of their thermal control.Acta Ar- 012]Yang S Y.Research on semi-closed bomb ablation tube method. mamentarii,2003,24(4):525 Chin J Explos Propellants,1986,12 (3):2 (吴斌,夏伟,汤勇,等.射击过程中热影响及身管热控制措 (杨淑媛.半密闭爆发器烧蚀管法研究.火炸药学报,1986, 施综述.兵工学报,2003,24(4):525) 12(3):2) Underwood J H,Vigilante G N,Mulligan C P.Review of thermo- [13]lyer K R.Analysis of rupture in rapid fire barrels//Proceedings mechanical cracking and wear mechanisms in large caliber guns. of the Tri-service Gun Tube Wear and Erosion Symposium.New Wear,2007,263(7):1616 Jersey,1977:225 B]Lawton B.Thermo-chemical erosion in gun barrels.Wear,2001, [14]Gao H X,Huang J F,Zhang J S,et al.Formation and spalling 251(1-12):827 off mechanism of white layer of rapid-firing gun steel.Heat Treat 4]Cote P J,Todaro ME,Kendall G,et al.Gun bore erosion mecha- Ma,2008,33(10):109 nisms revisited with laser pulse heating.Surf Coat Technol,2003, (高海霞,黄进峰,张济山,等.速射武器身管用钢的白层形 163/164:478 成及剥落机制.金属热处理,2008,33(10):109) [5]Johnston I A.Understanding and Predicting Gun Barrel Erosion [15]Montgomery R S,Sautter FK.A review of recent American work ADA440938,2005 on gun erosion and its control.Wear,1984,94(2):193第 3 期 黄进峰等: 不同表面处理条件下身管烧蚀研究 图 7 烧蚀工况下不同处理身管的失效模式. ( a) 镀铬身管; ( b) 氮碳共渗身管 Fig. 7 Failure modes of gun barrels with different surface treatments under erosion condition: ( a) chromium-plated gun barrels; ( b) nitrocarburized gun barrels 的试样表面剥落没有镀层的剥落多,但是其基体腐蚀 较为严重; 而镀铬身管是在镀层剥落之后基体才受到 火药气体的冲蚀,镀层保护下的身管只有轻微烧蚀. 4 结论 ( 1) 在模拟发射试验高温、高压和高速火药燃 气的反复冲刷作用下,镀铬和碳氮共渗表面处理身 管内膛均产生了明显烧蚀磨损. ( 2) 镀铬身管受到火药气体的冲刷以及铬层本 身的脆性导致镀层内产生显微裂纹,并沿着镀层与 基体界面扩展,裂纹独立或交互作用导致铬层剥落. ( 3) 碳氮共渗之后的身管表面生成硬度高、脆 性大的白亮层,在火药气氛的冲击下表面产生大量 的网状裂纹,裂纹由内表面延伸至基体导致身管的 腐蚀剥落. 参 考 文 献 [1] Wu B,Xia W,Tang Y,et al. A review on thermal effects during the firing process and measures of their thermal control. Acta Ar￾mamentarii,2003,24( 4) : 525 ( 吴斌,夏伟,汤勇,等. 射击过程中热影响及身管热控制措 施综述. 兵工学报,2003,24( 4) : 525) [2] Underwood J H,Vigilante G N,Mulligan C P. Review of thermo￾mechanical cracking and wear mechanisms in large caliber guns. Wear,2007,263( 7) : 1616 [3] Lawton B. Thermo-chemical erosion in gun barrels. Wear,2001, 251( 1--12) : 827 [4] Cote P J,Todaro M E,Kendall G,et al. Gun bore erosion mecha￾nisms revisited with laser pulse heating. Surf Coat Technol,2003, 163 /164: 478 [5] Johnston I A. Understanding and Predicting Gun Barrel Erosion. AD A440938,2005 [6] Montgomery R S,Sautter F K. Erosion and Its Control. AD A123164,1982 [7] Sopok S,Rickard C,Dunn S. Thermal-chemical-mechanical gun bore erosion of an advanced artillery system part one: theories and mechanisms. Wear,2005,258( 1--4) : 659 [8] Cote P J,Rickard C. Gas-metal reaction products in the erosion of chromium-plated gun bores. Wear,2000,241( 1) : 17 [9] Wang B Z,Wang L G,Wang Y J,et al. Initial study of erosion resistant plasma nitriding. Ordnance Mater Sci Eng,1980,3( 5) : 21 ( 王步震,王林阁,王渝江,等. 离子氮化防烧蚀的初步研究. 兵器材料科学与工程,1980,3( 5) : 21) [10] Yang F X. Researches on the chromium plating for the anti-abla￾tion in the internal bore of large caliber gun with high pressure. Surf Technol,1990,19( 3) : 20 ( 杨凤 轩. 大口径火炮身管内膛防烧蚀镀铬. 表 面 技 术, 1990,19( 3) : 20) [11] Fen X M,Chen J Z,Xu T X. Erosion resistance evaluation of three coatings. J Ballist,2000,12( 1) : 65 ( 樊新民,陈健中,徐天祥. 三种镀覆层材料抗烧蚀性能评 价. 弹道学报,2000,12( 1) : 65) [12] Yang S Y. Research on semi-closed bomb ablation tube method. Chin J Explos Propellants,1986,12( 3) : 2 ( 杨淑媛. 半密闭爆发器烧蚀管法研究. 火炸药学报,1986, 12( 3) : 2) [13] Iyer K R. Analysis of rupture in rapid fire barrels / / Proceedings of the Tri-service Gun Tube Wear and Erosion Symposium. New Jersey,1977: 225 [14] Gao H X,Huang J F,Zhang J S,et al. Formation and spalling off mechanism of white layer of rapid-firing gun steel. Heat Treat Met,2008,33( 10) : 109 ( 高海霞,黄进峰,张济山,等. 速射武器身管用钢的白层形 成及剥落机制. 金属热处理,2008,33( 10) : 109) [15] Montgomery R S,Sautter F K. A review of recent American work on gun erosion and its control. Wear,1984,94( 2) : 193 · 723 ·
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