1/18/2016 Structure and Function of the Microbes Genetic Material Learning Objectives Invisible Invaders Define genetics,genome,chromosome, gene,genetic code,genotype,phenotype Amazing Allies and genomics Describe how DNA serves as genetic information ASE Describe the process of DNA replication Chapter 8 .Describe protein synthesis.including Microbial Genetics transcription,RNA processing.and translation Genetics:the study of heredity Genome:Structure and Function 1-what genes are Genetics 2-how they carry information Genome-all the genetic information in a cell 3-how information is expressed (chromosomes+mitochondria,chloroplasts,and/or 4-how genes are replicated plasmids) Chr Organism level Cell level Chromosome:structure containing DNA that physically carries hereditary information:the chromosomes contain the genes Bacterial chromosomes are a single circular loop Eukaryotic chromosomes are multiple and linear1/18/2016 1 Invisible Invaders Amazing Allies Chapter 8 Microbial Genetics Learning Objectives Structure and Function of the Genetic Material • Define genetics, genome, chromosome, gene, genetic code, genotype, phenotype, and genomics • Describe how DNA serves as genetic information • Describe the process of DNA replication • Describe protein synthesis, including transcription, RNA processing, and translation Genetics Genetics: the study of heredity 1 - what genes are 2 - how they carry information 3 - how information is expressed 4 - how genes are replicated Chromosome Molecular level level Organism level Cell level Genome – all the genetic information in a cell (chromosomes + mitochondria, chloroplasts, and/or Genome: Structure and Function plasmids) genome of cells – DNA genome of viruses – DNA or RNA Chromosome: structure containing DNA that physically carries hereditary information; the chromosomes contain the genes • Bacterial chromosomes are a single circular loop • Eukaryotic chromosomes are multiple and linear