OW,=P外1dV=(P体dP)dV W=∑aW,=∫PswdV=∫(Pstm-dP)d Pssdvdpdv dP→0 Wa-上Rw4-nN=nkn号 、 nRTLnIn=230J P P R=8314Padm3K-1=8.314J/K 由此可见，Wv>Wm>Wn>W,准静态膨胀功最大 230130900 5 Wi = P 外i dV =（P 体-dP）dV      = − =  = = − 2 1 2 1 ( ) V V V V System i Surr System P dV dPdV W W P dV P dP dV J P P PV Ln P P nRTLn V V dV nRTLn V nRT W P dV V V V V IIII System 230 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 = = = = = =   dP→0 由此可见，WⅣ>WⅢ>WⅡ>WⅠ 230 130 90 0 准静态膨胀功最大 R=8314Padm3 K -1=8.314J/K