Thinking humanly:Cognitive Science 1960s "cognitive revolution":information-processing psychology replaced prevailing orthodoxy of behaviorism Requires scientific theories of internal activities of the brain -What level of abstraction?“Knowledge'”or“circuits"? How to validate?Requires 1)Predicting and testing behavior of human subjects(top-down) or 2)Direct identification from neurological data(bottom-up) Both approaches(roughly,Cognitive Science and Cognitive Neuroscience) are now distinct from Al Both share with Al the following characteristic: the available theories do not explain (or engender) anything resembling human-level general intelligence Hence,all three fields share one principal direction! Chapter 1 5 Thinking humanly: Cognitive Science 1960s “cognitive revolution”: information-processing psychology replaced prevailing orthodoxy of behaviorism Requires scientific theories of internal activities of the brain – What level of abstraction? “Knowledge” or “circuits”? – How to validate? Requires 1) Predicting and testing behavior of human subjects (top-down) or 2) Direct identification from neurological data (bottom-up) Both approaches (roughly, Cognitive Science and Cognitive Neuroscience) are now distinct from AI Both share with AI the following characteristic: the available theories do not explain (or engender) anything resembling human-level general intelligence Hence, all three fields share one principal direction! Chapter 1 5