Preface xⅲ readers,each chapter concludes with a brief list of related literature and some comments on it.Many of the references are articles published in computer journals;these journals and their abbreviations are given below. ACM:Association for Computing Machinery ACM Computing Surveys ACM TODS:ACM Transactions on Databases Acta Informatica BIT:Behandlings Informations Tidskrift-Denmark CACM:Communication of the ACM Computer Journal-British Computer Society Journal of the ACM SIAM:Social and Industrial Applied Mathematics SIAM Journal of Computing Software Practice and Experience References Aho,A.V.,Hopcroft,J.E.and Ullman,J.D.(1974).The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms,Addison-Wesley,Reading,Massachusetts. Aho,A.V.,Hopcroft,J.E.and Ullman,J.D.(1983).Data Structures and Algorithms,Addison-Wesley,Reading,Massachusetts. Baron,R.J.and Shapiro,L.G.(1980).Data Structures and their Implementa- tions,PWS Publications,Boston,Massachusetts. Burstall,R.M.,MacQueen,D.B.and Sannella,D.T.(1980).'Hope:an experi- mental applicative language',in Proceedings of 1980 Lisp Conference,Stanford, California,pp.136-143. Gotlieb,C.C.and Gotlieb,L.R.(1978).Data Types and Data Structures, Prentice-Hall,Englewood Cliffs,New Jersey. Knuth,D.E.(1973).The Art of Computer Programming.Volume 1:Funda- mental Algorithms,2nd edition,Addison-Wesley,Reading,Massachusetts. Korsh,J.F.(1986).Data Structures,Algorithms and Program Style,PWS Computer Science,Boston,Massachusetts. Martin,J.J.(1986).Data Types and Data Structures,Prentice-Hall,Englewood Cliffs,New Jersey. Milner,R.(1978).'A theory of type polymorphism in programming',Journal of Computer and Systems Science,Vol.17,No.3 pp.348-375. Reingold,E.and Hansen,W.(1983).Data Structures,Little,Brown,Boston, Massachusetts. Stubbs,D.and Webre,N.(1985).Data Structures with Abstract Data Types and Pascal,Brooks/Cole Publishing,Monterey,California. Wirth,N.(1976).Algorithms Data Structures Programs,Prentice-Hall (1986). Englewood Cliffs,New Jersey. Wirth,N.(1986).Algorithms Data Structures,Prentice-Hall,Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey