第36卷第5期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.36 No.5 2014年5月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing May 2014 坚硬顶板群下工作面强矿压显现机理与支护强度确定 杨敬轩2，刘长友2四，于斌)，鲁岩2 1)中国矿业大学矿业工程学院，徐州2211162)中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室，徐州221116 3)大同煤矿集团有限责任公司，大同037003 ☒通信作者，Emai:eyliucumt@(163.com 摘要采用理论分析、物理相似模拟与工程实践相结合的方法，对坚硬厚层项板群结构的破断冲击效应进行了分析，得到 了工作面采场冲击来压的主要影响因素、来压特征及工作面合理支护强度等.研究表明：多分层坚硬项板群结构的破断冲击 载荷在短时间内会产生剧烈的震荡：工作面来压特征受多分层顶板垮断的动、静载荷联合作用：采场冲击来压强度主要与顶 板厚度、岩性及节理弱面有关，对于岩性相近的顶板岩层，厚度越大，对采场的矿压冲击影响也越剧烈，但厚层项板垮断后的 结构对其上覆顶板岩层的冲击载荷强度具有一定的缓冲.以大同矿区坚硬顶板群结构下的煤层开采为例，通过在综放工作面 选择应用Z15000/28/52型高强度支架，保证了首个关键层项板破断前后的安全开采：同时，采取水压致裂辅助控制上部关键 层项板，有效减缓了工作面强矿压的显现. 关键词煤矿：顶板：矿压：应力波：支护 分类号TD821 Strong strata pressure caused by hard roof group structure breaking and supporting strength determination YANG Jing-xun,LIU Chang-you,YU Bin,LU Yan 1)School of Mines,China University of Mining Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China 2)State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China 3)Datong Coal Mine Group Company,Datong037003,China Corresponding author,E-mail:cyliucumt@163.com ABSTRACT A comprehensive research method composed of theoretical analysis,physical simulation and engineering practice was conducted to analyze the impact effect caused by thick hard roof group structure breaking.Some results were obtained such as the main influencing factors related to impulsion pressure,the main roof weighting characteristics and the reasonable supporting strength of the roof group structure.It is shown that impact load caused by layered hard roof group structure breaking will lead to severe concussion with scarcely attenuation.The roof weighting on the workface is affected by a combined effect of dynamic load and static load resulted from layered hard roof group structure breaking.The impulsion pressure strength is associated to roof thickness,rock traits,and rock joints and weak surfaces.For the similar roof strata,the impact effect is more severe as the roof is thicker,but the thick caving roof will be helpful for buffering the impact of the upper overburden strata.A field test was conducted in Datong area which is mining under the hard roof group structure.According to selecting the high strength supports of ZF15000/28/52 in the fully mechanized caving face to ensure safe mining before and after the first critical roof breaking,and taking the auxiliary control of hydraulic fracturing in the upper critical roof,the strong pressure has been effectively slowed KEY WORDS coal mines:roofs:pressure:stress waves:supports 收稿日期：201303-14 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51174192)：江苏省“333”培养基金资助项目(BRA2010024):江苏省研究生培养创新工程资助项目 (CXLX120964):中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2010QNA32) DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2014.05.002:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn第 36 卷 第 5 期 2014 年 5 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol． 36 No． 5 May 2014 坚硬顶板群下工作面强矿压显现机理与支护强度确定 杨敬轩1，2) ，刘长友1，2) ，于 斌1，3) ，鲁 岩1，2) 1) 中国矿业大学矿业工程学院，徐州 221116 2) 中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室，徐州 221116 3) 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司，大同 037003  通信作者，E-mail: cyliucumt@ 163． com 摘 要 采用理论分析、物理相似模拟与工程实践相结合的方法，对坚硬厚层顶板群结构的破断冲击效应进行了分析，得到 了工作面采场冲击来压的主要影响因素、来压特征及工作面合理支护强度等． 研究表明: 多分层坚硬顶板群结构的破断冲击 载荷在短时间内会产生剧烈的震荡; 工作面来压特征受多分层顶板垮断的动、静载荷联合作用; 采场冲击来压强度主要与顶 板厚度、岩性及节理弱面有关，对于岩性相近的顶板岩层，厚度越大，对采场的矿压冲击影响也越剧烈，但厚层顶板垮断后的 结构对其上覆顶板岩层的冲击载荷强度具有一定的缓冲． 以大同矿区坚硬顶板群结构下的煤层开采为例，通过在综放工作面 选择应用 ZF15000 /28 /52 型高强度支架，保证了首个关键层顶板破断前后的安全开采; 同时，采取水压致裂辅助控制上部关键 层顶板，有效减缓了工作面强矿压的显现． 关键词 煤矿; 顶板; 矿压; 应力波; 支护 分类号 TD 821 收稿日期: 2013--03--14 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51174192) ; 江苏省“333”培养基金资助项目( BＲA2010024) ; 江苏省研究生培养创新工程资助项目 ( CXLX12_0964) ; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目( 2010QNA32) DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn1001--053x． 2014． 05． 002; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn Strong strata pressure caused by hard roof group structure breaking and supporting strength determination YANG Jing-xuan1，2) ，LIU Chang-you1，2)  ，YU Bin1，3) ，LU Yan1，2) 1) School of Mines，China University of Mining ＆ Technology，Xuzhou 221116，China 2) State Key Laboratory of Coal Ｒesources and Safe Mining，China University of Mining ＆ Technology，Xuzhou 221116，China 3) Datong Coal Mine Group Company，Datong 037003，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: cyliucumt@ 163． com ABSTＲACT A comprehensive research method composed of theoretical analysis，physical simulation and engineering practice was conducted to analyze the impact effect caused by thick hard roof group structure breaking． Some results were obtained such as the main influencing factors related to impulsion pressure，the main roof weighting characteristics and the reasonable supporting strength of the roof group structure． It is shown that impact load caused by layered hard roof group structure breaking will lead to severe concussion with scarcely attenuation． The roof weighting on the workface is affected by a combined effect of dynamic load and static load resulted from layered hard roof group structure breaking． The impulsion pressure strength is associated to roof thickness，rock traits，and rock joints and weak surfaces． For the similar roof strata，the impact effect is more severe as the roof is thicker，but the thick caving roof will be helpful for buffering the impact of the upper overburden strata． A field test was conducted in Datong area which is mining under the hard roof group structure． According to selecting the high strength supports of ZF15000 /28 /52 in the fully mechanized caving face to ensure safe mining before and after the first critical roof breaking，and taking the auxiliary control of hydraulic fracturing in the upper critical roof，the strong pressure has been effectively slowed． KEY WOＲDS coal mines; roofs; pressure; stress waves; supports