F-f. Chen et aL/ Engineering Failure Analysis 37(2014)42-52 2. The wall thinning failure of the sample in this paper was caused by the high pressure steam released through bypass pipes. The mechanism was erosion and cavitation corrosion, and the synergetic effect of them. L Control the pressure and velocity of steam released from the bypass pipes within a certain range and keep monitoring the ll thickness and surface conditions of the tubes under them. Once wall thinning reaches a certain extent, the tubes have This work was cooperated with Third Qinshan Nuclear Power Co Ltd (TQNPC)and was supported by cademic Discipline Project(Project Number: B113). References [1 Chen Fei-Jun, Yao Cheng Yang Zhen-Guo Failure analysis on abnormal wall thinning of heat-transfer titanium tubes of condensers in nuclear power plant Part I: Corrosion and wear. Eng Fail Anal 2014 37: 29-41 2] Mochizuki Hiromi, Yokota Motohiro, Hattori Shuji. Effects of materials and solution temperatures on cavitation erosion of pure titanium and titanium 3 Neville A. McDougall BAB. Erosion and cavitation corrosion of titanium and its alloys. Wear 2001: 250: 726-35. 4] Tan MJ. Zhu X, Thiruvarudchelvan S Cavitation phenomenon of commercially pure titanium. J Mater Process Tech 2007: 191: 202-5 on ductile and brittle materials. Wear 2008: 265(5) 871-8 [8] GB/T 3620 1-2007 Titanium Bion for seamless and welded titanium and titanium alloy tubes for condensers and heat exchangers. 7 10 GBMT 35624-1995. dtad test ane tita and lloy seams ess tube, nical testing of tee products. [111 Rayleigh L On the pressure developed in a liquid during the collapse of a spherical cavity. Philos Mag 1917: 34: 94-8 12 Gregorcic P, Petkovsek R, Mozina J. Investigation of a cavitation bubble between a rigid boundary and a free surface. J Appl Phys 2007:102:094904(1)-4(8) [13] Singer BG, Harvey S]. wear1979:2(7):409-16. [14] Preece CM. Brunton JH. A comparison of liquid impact erosion and cavitation erosion. Wear 1980: 60(2): 269-84 15 Okada T, Hammitt FG. Cavitation erosion in vibratory and venture facilities. Wear 1981: 60(1):55-69. [16 Matsumoto Y. Influence of homogeneous condensation inside a small gas bubble on its pressure response.J Fluid Eng 1985: 107(2): 281-6 [171 Phlipp A, Lauterborn W. Cavitation erosion by single laser-produced bubbles. J Fluid Mech 1998: 361: 75-1162. The wall thinning failure of the sample in this paper was caused by the high pressure steam released through bypass pipes. The mechanism was erosion and cavitation corrosion, and the synergetic effect of them. 5. Suggestions Control the pressure and velocity of steam released from the bypass pipes within a certain range and keep monitoring the wall thickness and surface conditions of the tubes under them. Once wall thinning reaches a certain extent, the tubes have to be replaced. Acknowledgements This work was cooperated with Third Qinshan Nuclear Power Co. Ltd. (TQNPC) and was supported by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Project Number: B113). References [1] Chen Fei-Jun, Yao Cheng, Yang Zhen-Guo. Failure analysis on abnormal wall thinning of heat-transfer titanium tubes of condensers in nuclear power plant Part I: Corrosion and wear. Eng Fail Anal 2014;37:29–41. [2] Mochizuki Hiromi, Yokota Motohiro, Hattori Shuji. Effects of materials and solution temperatures on cavitation erosion of pure titanium and titanium alloy in seawater. Wear 2007;262:522–8. [3] Neville A, McDougall BAB. Erosion and cavitation corrosion of titanium and its alloys. Wear 2001;250:726–35. [4] Tan MJ, Zhu XJ, Thiruvarudchelvan S. Cavitation phenomenon of commercially pure titanium. J Mater Process Tech 2007;191:202–5. [5] Wang Yu-Fei, Yang Zhen-Guo. A coupled finite element and meshfree analysis of erosive wear. Tribol Int 2009;42(2):373–7. [6] Wang Yu-Fei, Yang Zhen-Guo. Finite element model of erosive wear on ductile and brittle materials. Wear 2008;265(5):871–8. [7] ASME SB-338-2007. Specification for seamless and welded titanium and titanium alloy tubes for condensers and heat exchangers. [8] GB/T 3620.1-2007. Titanium and titanium alloy brand and chemical composition. [9] ASME SA370. Standard test methods and definitions for mechanical testing of steel products. [10] GB/T 3624-1995. Titanium and titanium alloy seamless tubes. [11] Rayleigh L. On the pressure developed in a liquid during the collapse of a spherical cavity. Philos Mag 1917;34:94–8. [12] Gregorcic P, Petkovsek R, Mozina J. Investigation of a cavitation bubble between a rigid boundary and a free surface. J Appl Phys 2007;102:094904(1)–4(8). [13] Singer BG, Harvey SJ. Cavitation damage studies using plasticine. Wear 1979;2l(7):409–16. [14] Preece CM, Brunton JH. A comparison of liquid impact erosion and cavitation erosion. Wear 1980;60(2):269–84. [15] Okada T, Hammitt FG. Cavitation erosion in vibratory and venture facilities. Wear 1981;60(1):55–69. [16] Matsumoto Y. Influence of homogeneous condensation inside a small gas bubble on its pressure response. J Fluid Eng 1985;107(2):281–6. [17] Phlipp A, Lauterborn W. Cavitation erosion by single laser-produced bubbles. J Fluid Mech 1998;36l:75–116. 52 F.-J. Chen et al. / Engineering Failure Analysis 37 (2014) 42–52