第2期 李具仓等:一种新型的含镍耐蚀高硅铁基合金 .129. 版社,2002.12 3结论 [6]李具仓,赵爱民,胡玉亭.C山对高硅铁基合金组织和耐蚀性 能的影响.铸造技术,2005,26(6):470 (1)铁素体高硅铁基合金中存在着长程有序 [7]戴塘顺.镍奥氏体铸铁的生产.现代铸铁,2004(2):25 Fe3Si相以及片状和线状石墨,FeSi相是导致硅脆 [8]中国特钢企业协会不锈钢分会.不锈钢实用手册.北京:中国 的主要原因, 科学技术出版社,2003:58 (2)Fe3Si相属于以体心立方为基的超结构,这 [9]Villars P,Prince A,Okamoto H.Handbook of termary alloy 种结构的相存在低温脆性, phase diagrams.OH:Materials Park,ASM International,1997: 10633 (③)退火及高温长期退火都不能减少有序化带 [10]张春红,人体用耐蚀无镍奥氏体不锈钢.上海钢研,2001 来的脆性,但能减少非长程有序合金的脆性, (4):45 (4)镍的加入能使高硅铁基合金中出现奥氏体 [11]柳曾典,常用铬镍奥氏体不锈钢的选用,石油化工设备技 相,有效提高了其力学性能,同时耐蚀性能和普通高 术,1999(3):36 硅铁基合金的性能相当,大大拓宽了合金的使用范 [12]余永宁.金属学原理.北京:冶金工业出版社,2000:65 [13]束德林.金属力学性能.北京:机械工业出版社,1999:72 围 [14]李秀真,刘太强,于化顺,等.铁一碳一硅合金的硅脆机理探 参考文献 讨.铸造,1997(8):16 [15]古可成,孙正英,刘大庆,等.从晶格常数看硅系铸铁的脆性 [1]黄建中,左禹.材料的耐蚀性和腐蚀数据.北京:化学工业出 沈阳工业大学学报,1994(3):32 版社,2003.55 [16]古可成,顾玉娜,李义尧,等.硅系耐热球铁的脆性研究钢 [2]Saldanha BJ.Streicher M A.Effect of silicon on the corrosion re- 铁,2001(1):15 sistance of iron in sulfuric acid.Natl Assoc Corros Eng.1986 [17]李秀真,刘太强,于化顺,等.高硅球墨铸铁的硅脆现象及其 (1):37 消除方法.山东工业大学学报,1996(11):45 [3]许增华.金属耐蚀材料.腐蚀与防护,2001,22(1):46 [18]李长虹,硅铝铸铁的吸氧倾向及脆性探讨.北方交通大学学 [4]李具仓,赵爱民,李志恩,等.高硅铸铁的研究.铸造,2004, 报,1995(4):8 53(12):1028 [5]刘秀晨,安成强,崔作兴,等.金属腐蚀学.北京:国防工业出 A new type of corrosion resistance high silicon iron base alloy with Ni LI Jueang2),CHEN Yinli),WANG Shuying,ZHAO Aimin,WANG Lina) 1)Research Institute of Metallurgical Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083.China 2)Jiuquan Iron and Steel(Group)Corporation Ltd.,Jiayuguan 735100.China ABSTRACI An austenitic high silicon iron-base alloy with Ni or Mn was devised based on the study on the me- chanical properties and microstructure of a general high silicon iron base alloy.The new austenitic high silicon iron-base alloy with Ni or Mn was designed by means of austenitic stainless steel and the three-element phase graph of Fe Ni Si or Fe Mn Si.The microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the al- loy were investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD), test equipment of mechanical properties,and test instrument of corrosion.The results show that the base struc- ture of a general high silicon iron-base alloy is high silicon ferrite,which is mainly the long range ordered FesSi. FesSi has low-temperature brittleness and is the main reason for silicon brittleness.The addition of 18%Ni pro- duces austenite and causes an impact toughness up to5.52Jcm which is 7 times higher than a general high silicon iron-base alloy,while the corrosion resistance is equivalent with a general high silicon iron-base alloy. KEY WORDS high silicon iron-based alloys:austenite;impact toughness:rate of corrosion3 结论 (1) 铁素体高硅铁基合金中存在着长程有序 Fe3Si 相以及片状和线状石墨Fe3Si 相是导致硅脆 的主要原因. (2) Fe3Si 相属于以体心立方为基的超结构这 种结构的相存在低温脆性. (3) 退火及高温长期退火都不能减少有序化带 来的脆性但能减少非长程有序合金的脆性. (4) 镍的加入能使高硅铁基合金中出现奥氏体 相有效提高了其力学性能同时耐蚀性能和普通高 硅铁基合金的性能相当大大拓宽了合金的使用范 围. 参 考 文 献 [1] 黄建中左禹.材料的耐蚀性和腐蚀数据.北京:化学工业出 版社2003:55 [2] Saldanha B JStreicher M A.Effect of silicon on the corrosion resistance of iron in sulfuric acid.Natl Assoc Corros Eng1986 (1):37 [3] 许增华.金属耐蚀材料.腐蚀与防护200122(1):46 [4] 李具仓赵爱民李志恩等.高硅铸铁的研究.铸造2004 53(12):1028 [5] 刘秀晨安成强崔作兴等.金属腐蚀学.北京:国防工业出 版社2002:12 [6] 李具仓赵爱民胡玉亭.Cu 对高硅铁基合金组织和耐蚀性 能的影响.铸造技术200526(6):470 [7] 戴塘顺.镍奥氏体铸铁的生产.现代铸铁2004(2):25 [8] 中国特钢企业协会不锈钢分会.不锈钢实用手册.北京:中国 科学技术出版社2003:58 [9] Villars PPrince AOkamoto H.Handbook of termary alloy phase diagrams.OH:Materials ParkASM International1997: 10633 [10] 张春红.人体用耐蚀无镍奥氏体不锈钢.上海钢研2001 (4):45 [11] 柳曾典.常用铬镍奥氏体不锈钢的选用.石油化工设备技 术1999(3):36 [12] 余永宁.金属学原理.北京:冶金工业出版社2000:65 [13] 束德林.金属力学性能.北京:机械工业出版社1999:72 [14] 李秀真刘太强于化顺等.铁-碳-硅合金的硅脆机理探 讨.铸造1997(8):16 [15] 古可成孙正英刘大庆等.从晶格常数看硅系铸铁的脆性. 沈阳工业大学学报1994(3):32 [16] 古可成顾玉娜李义尧等.硅系耐热球铁的脆性研究.钢 铁2001(1):15 [17] 李秀真刘太强于化顺等.高硅球墨铸铁的硅脆现象及其 消除方法.山东工业大学学报1996(11):45 [18] 李长虹.硅铝铸铁的吸氧倾向及脆性探讨.北方交通大学学 报1995(4):8 A new type of corrosion resistance high silicon iron-base alloy with Ni LI Jucang 12)CHEN Y inli 1)WA NG Shuying 1)ZHAO A imin 1)WA NG L ina 1) 1) Research Institute of Metallurgical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China 2) Jiuquan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation Ltd.Jiayuguan735100China ABSTRACT An austenitic high silicon iron-base alloy with Ni or Mn was devised based on the study on the mechanical properties and microstructure of a general high silicon iron-base alloy.The new austenitic high silicon iron-base alloy with Ni or Mn was designed by means of austenitic stainless steel and the three-element phase graph of Fe-Ni-Si or Fe-Mn-Si.The microstructuremechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloy were investigated by optical microscopyscanning electron microscopy (SEM)X-ray diffraction (XRD) test equipment of mechanical propertiesand test instrument of corrosion.The results show that the base structure of a general high silicon iron-base alloy is high silicon ferritewhich is mainly the long-range ordered Fe3Si. Fe3Si has low-temperature brittleness and is the main reason for silicon brittleness.The addition of18% Ni produces austenite and causes an impact toughness up to5∙52J·cm -2which is7times higher than a general high silicon iron-base alloywhile the corrosion resistance is equivalent with a general high silicon iron-base alloy. KEY WORDS high silicon iron-based alloys;austenite;impact toughness;rate of corrosion 第2期 李具仓等: 一种新型的含镍耐蚀高硅铁基合金 ·129·