1.2.Enzyme Engineering >1894 Japan amylase first commercial enzyme 1953 Grubhofer and Schleith immobilization of enzyme 1969 immobilized enzyme in industry to produce amino acid(Japan) The system of enzyme and viable cell immobiliton was coupled amino acid,organic acid,ribonucleotide and antibiotics Novel biotechnologies were applied in enzyme engineering cell fusion and DNA recombination used to improve the strain of enzyme 1.2. Enzyme Engineering ➢ 1894 Japan amylase（first commercial enzyme ） ➢ 1953 Grubhofer and Schleith immobilization of enzyme 1969 immobilized enzyme in industry to produce amino acid(Japan ) ➢ The system of enzyme and viable cell immobiliton was coupled amino acid, organic acid, ribonucleotide and antibiotics ➢ Novel biotechnologies were applied in enzyme engineering cell fusion and DNA recombination used to improve the strain of enzyme