(4)the work done in moving a test charge, from a point pi to a point P2, is independent of the path 0=fE dI=E dI +E dl=p(aE.dI +/p(6)E dI, aE·dl P? bE·dl →W(a)=-Q/(aE·d==Q/(6E.d=W(b) Integral form of the relation e=-Vv E·dl=-VV·dl=-dV, ntegrating over a path from Pi to P2 yields →/2E.d=-/2aV=V-V /1 Thus, from the integration of the electric field only the difference btwn the potentials at two different points has been determined Setting the potential at infinity to be zero Vi=V(oo)=0, E. dl