1. Causes of renal dysfunction (1) Primary renal disease (2) Renal iniurv secondarv to eases 1)Glomerular disease glomerulonephritis; nephrotic syndrome 2)Renal tubular disease renal glucosuria aminoaciduria. renal tubular acidosis 3)Interstitial nephritis acute or chronic interstitial inflammation 4)Others: renal injury, tumor, calculus obstructive nephropathy vascular nephropathy7 1. Causes of renal dysfunction (1) Primary renal disease (2) Renal injury secondary to systemic diseases. 1) Glomerular disease 2) Renal tubular disease 3) Interstitial nephritis 4) Others: glomerulonephritis; nephrotic syndrome renal glucosuria; aminoaciduria, renal tubular acidosis acute or chronic interstitial inflammation renal injury, tumor, calculus; obstructive nephropathy; vascular nephropathy