Chapter 5 Macromolecules and molecular genetics The key informational macromolecules in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are DNA RNA, and protein Molecular genetics deals with the mechanisms by which the information in DNA is replicated and by which it can be transcribed into rna and translated into specific proteinsChapter 5 Macromolecules and Molecular Genetics The key informational macromolecules in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are DNA, RNA, and protein. Molecular Genetics deals with the mechanisms by which the information in DNA is replicated, and by which it can be transcribed into RNA and translated into specific proteins