388 Fermentation and Biochemical Engineering Handbook Ion exclusion chromatography involves the separation of an ionic component from a nonionic component. The ionic component is excluded from the resin beads by ionic repulsion, while the nonionic component will be distributed into the liquid phase inside the resin beads. Since the ionic solute travels only in the interstitial volume, it will reach the end of the column before the nonionic solute which must travel a more tortuous path through the ion exchange beads. a major industrial chromatography application of this type is the recovery of sucrose from the ionic components of molasses In size exclusion chromatography, the resin beads act as molecular sieves, allowing the smaller molecules to enter the beads while the larger molecules areexcluded. Figure 3ns shows the effect of molecular size on the elution volume required for a given resin. The ion exclusion technique has been used for the separation of monosodium glutamate from other neutral 9 ETHYLENE GLYCOL IETHYEE GLYCOL AR TETRAETHYLENE GLYCOL 3 POLYETHYLBE GLYCOL M400 7 VoiD VOUME 10020050100 MLECULAR WEIGHT OF SOLUTE Figure 3. Effect of molecular weight on the elution volume required for glycol Ion retardation chromatography involves the separation of two ionic solutes with a common counter ion. Unless a specific complexing resin is used, the resin must be placed in the form of the common counter ion. The other solute ions are separated on the basis of different affinities for the resin Ion retardation chromatography is starting to see use in the recovery of acids from waste salts following the regeneration of ion exchange columns388 Fermentation and Biochemical Engineering Handbook Ion exclusion chromatography involves the separation of an ionic component from a nonionic component. The ionic component is excluded from the resin beads by ionic repulsion, while the nonionic component will be distributed into the liquid phase inside the resin beads. Since the ionic solute travels only in the interstitial volume, it will reach the end ofthe column before the nonionic solute which must travel a more tortuous path through the ion exchange beads. A major industrial chromatography application of this type is the recovery of sucrose from the ionic components of molasses. In size exclusion chromatography, the resin beads act as molecular sieves, allowing the smaller molecules to enter the beads while the larger molecules are excluded. Figure 31181 shows the effect ofmolecular size on the elution volume required for a given resin. The ion exclusion technique has been used for the separation of monosodium glutamate from other neutral amino acid~.I’~] 1Do 90 ;. 9” Figure 3. compounds. [*I Effect of molecular weight on the elution volume required for glycol Ion retardation chromatography involves the separation of two ionic solutes with a common counter ion. Unless a specific complexing resin is used, the resin must be placed in the form of the common counter ion. The other solute ions are separated on the basis of different affinities for the resin. Ion retardation chromatography is starting to see use in the recovery of acids from waste salts following the regeneration of ion exchange columns