Body Compartments Intracellular volume This varies with the effective osmolarity of the extracellular compartment, that is, the conce tration of particles that do not penetrate the cell membrane. An increase in osmolarity decreas es intracellular volume, and the opposite occurs with a decrease in body osmolarity Review Questions (Answers below Using the graph presented in Figure 1-2-2, determine the volume and concentration changes associated with the following states of hydration. If you need help, see Table 1-2-1 Examples: hemorrhage(neglect loss of intracelular fluid as red blood cell [RBC] volume), the formation of isotonic urine, and the immediate consequences of diarrhea or vomiting 2. Loss of hypotonic fluid Examples: sweating(dehydration), hypotonic urine formation such as occurs in diabetes insipidus and alcoholism 3. Ingestion of salt tablets 4. Person who drinks I liter of tap(or distilled)water. (This is equivalent to water intoxication. 5. Infusion of hypotonic saline(1/2 normal saline 6. Infusion of isotonic saline Infusion of hypertonic saline(or hypertonic mannitol Primary adrenal insufficiency(volume and salt depletion, volume replacement exceeds salt replacement)BodyCompartments IntracellularVolume This varies with the effectiveosmolarity of the extracellular compartment, that is, the concen￾tration of particles that do not penetrate the cell membrane. An increase in osmolarity decreas￾es intracellular volume, and the opposite occurs with a decrease in body osmolarity. ReviewQuestions (Answersbelow) Using the graph presented in Figure 1-2-2, determine the volume and concentration changes associated with the following states of hydration. Jfyou need help, see Table 1-2-1. 1. Loss of isotonic fluid Examples:hemorrhage (neglect loss of intracellular fluid as red blood cell [RBC]volume), the formation of isotonic urine, and the immediate consequences of diarrhea or vomiting 2. Loss of hypotonic fluid Examples: sweating (dehydration), hypotonic urine formation such as occurs in diabetes insipidus and alcoholism 3. Ingestion of salt tablets 4. Person who drinks 1 liter of tap (or distilled) water. (This is equivalent to water intoxication.) 5. Infusion of hypotonic saline (112 normal saline) 6. Infusion of isotonic saline 7. Infusion of hypertonic saline (or hypertonic mannitol) 8. Primary adrenal insufficiency (volume and salt depletion, volume replacement exceeds salt replacement) iiie&ical 13