·1312 北京科技大学学报 第35卷 表面流速小于0.2ms-1，不利于保护渣的熔化.在 croscopy analysis and thermal-stress modeling.Iron Steel 拉速大于1.8mmin-1时，A型水口的表面流速大 Technol,.2007,4(7):83 于0.4ms-1,将可能导致剪切卷渣的发生：而C型 [8 Zhang L F,Yang S B,Cai KK,et al.Investigation of 水口的表面流速为0.32ms-1.所以高拉速下最佳 fluid flow and steel cleanliness in the continuous casting strand.Metall Mater Trans B.2007,38(1):63 的浸入式水口为C型. [9]Thomas B G,Yuan Q,Sivaramakrishnan S,et al.Com- (4)水口出口角度影响液面特征的机理分析表 parison of four methods to evaluate fluid velocities in a 明：C型水口由于水口上角度大于下角度，可以抑 continuous slab casting mold.ISIJ Int,2001,41(10): 制水口出口处的漩涡流，降低上回流的强度，减少 1262 卷渣的发生 [10]Deng XX,Wang QQ,Qian L,et al.Water model op timization of three-port submerged entry nozzle feeding a funnel-shaped thin slab mold.Iron Steel,2012,47(7):26 参考文献 (邓小旋，王强强，钱龙，等.适合漏斗型薄板坯连铸结品器 三孔水口的水模型优化.钢铁，2012,47(7)：26) [1]Kubota J,Okimoto K,Shirayama A,et al.Meniscus flow [11]Chaudhary R,Lee GG,Thomas B G,et al.Transient control in the mold by travelling magnetic field for high mold fluid flow with well-and mountain-bottom nozzles in speed slab caster//74th Steelmaking Conference Proceed- continuous casting of steel.Metall Mater Trans B.2008. ing.Washington,1991:233 39(6):870 [2 Hakamura H,Kohira S,Kubota J,et al.Technology for [12]Hu H,Zhao H M,Zhang.J M,et al.Research on water production of high quality slab at high Speed casting// model of mold level fluctuation.Iron Steel Vanadium Ti- 75th Steelmaking Conference Proceeding.Toronto,1992: tanium,2005,26(1):10 409 (胡皓，赵和明，张炯明，等.结晶器液面波动的水模型研究 [3 Zhang L,Thomas B G.State of the art in evaluation and 钢铁钒钛，2005,26(1)：10) control of steel cleanliness.ISIJ Int,2003,43(3):271 [13]Miranda R.Barron M A.Barreto J.et al.Experimental [4]Wang X H,Wang X H,Zhang J M,et al.Water model- and numerical analysis of the free surface in a water model ing study on the meniscus dynamic distortion of molten of a slab continuous casting mold.ISIJ Int,2005,45(11): steel level in a CSP thin slab casting mould.J Univ Sci 1626 Technol Beijing,2009,31(2):234 [14 Hoffken E,Lax H,Pietzko G,et al.Development of im- (王现辉，王新华，张炯明，等.CSP结品器内钢液面动态 proved immersion nozzles for continuous slab casting / 失稳现象的水模型实验.北京科技大学学报，2009,31(2)： 4th International Conference Continuous Casting,Vol 2. 234) Brussels,1988:461 [5]Lee GG,Thomas B G,Kim S H.Microstructure near [15]Zhang N,Lei H.Surface disturbance in continuous casting corners of continuous-cast steel slabs showing three- mold.Phys Eram Test,2010,28(2):28 dimensional frozen meniscus and hooks.Acta Mater,2007. (张宁，雷洪.连铸结晶器内液面波动研究.物理测试，2010， 55(20):6705 28(2):28) [6]Sengupta J,Shin H J,Thomas B G,et al.Micrograph [16]Najjar F M,Thomas B G,Hershey D E.Numerical study evidence of meniscus solidification and sub-surface mi- of steady turbulent flow through bifurcated nozzles in con- crostructure evolution in continuous-cast ultralow-carbon tinuous casting.Metall Mater Trans B,1995,26(4):749 steels.Acta Mater,2006,54(4):1165 [17]Jin X,Chen D F,Zhang D J,et al.Water model study on [7]Sengupta J,Thomas B G,Shin H J,et al.Mechanism fluid flow in slab continuous casting mould with solidified of hook formation in ultralow-carbon steel:based on mi- shell.Ironmaking Steelmaking,2011,38(2):155· 1312 · 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 第 35 卷 表面流速小于 0.2 m·s −1，不利于保护渣的熔化. 在 拉速大于 1.8 m·min−1 时，A 型水口的表面流速大 于 0.4 m·s −1，将可能导致剪切卷渣的发生；而 C 型 水口的表面流速为 0.32 m·s −1 . 所以高拉速下最佳 的浸入式水口为 C 型. (4) 水口出口角度影响液面特征的机理分析表 明：C 型水口由于水口上角度大于下角度，可以抑 制水口出口处的漩涡流，降低上回流的强度，减少 卷渣的发生. 参 考 文 献 [1] Kubota J, Okimoto K, Shirayama A, et al. Meniscus flow control in the mold by travelling magnetic field for high speed slab caster // 74th Steelmaking Conference Proceed￾ing. Washington, 1991: 233 [2] Hakamura H, Kohira S, Kubota J, et al. Technology for production of high quality slab at high Speed casting // 75th Steelmaking Conference Proceeding. Toronto, 1992: 409 [3] Zhang L, Thomas B G. State of the art in evaluation and control of steel cleanliness. ISIJ Int, 2003, 43(3): 271 [4] Wang X H, Wang X H, Zhang J M, et al. Water model￾ing study on the meniscus dynamic distortion of molten steel level in a CSP thin slab casting mould. J Univ Sci Technol Beijing, 2009, 31(2): 234 (王现辉，王新华，张炯明, 等. CSP 结晶器内钢液面动态 失稳现象的水模型实验. 北京科技大学学报, 2009, 31(2): 234) [5] Lee G G, Thomas B G, Kim S H. Microstructure near corners of continuous-cast steel slabs showing three￾dimensional frozen meniscus and hooks. Acta Mater, 2007, 55(20): 6705 [6] Sengupta J, Shin H J, Thomas B G, et al. Micrograph evidence of meniscus solidification and sub-surface mi￾crostructure evolution in continuous-cast ultralow-carbon steels. Acta Mater, 2006, 54(4): 1165 [7] Sengupta J, Thomas B G, Shin H J, et al. Mechanism of hook formation in ultralow-carbon steel: based on mi￾croscopy analysis and thermal-stress modeling. Iron Steel Technol, 2007, 4(7): 83 [8] Zhang L F, Yang S B, Cai K K, et al. Investigation of fluid flow and steel cleanliness in the continuous casting strand. Metall Mater Trans B, 2007, 38(1): 63 [9] Thomas B G, Yuan Q, Sivaramakrishnan S, et al. Com￾parison of four methods to evaluate fluid velocities in a continuous slab casting mold. ISIJ Int, 2001, 41(10): 1262 [10] Deng X X, Wang Q Q, Qian L, et al. Water model op￾timization of three-port submerged entry nozzle feeding a funnel-shaped thin slab mold. Iron Steel, 2012, 47(7): 26 (邓小旋, 王强强, 钱龙, 等. 适合漏斗型薄板坯连铸结晶器 三孔水口的水模型优化. 钢铁, 2012, 47(7):26) [11] Chaudhary R, Lee G G, Thomas B G, et al. Transient mold fluid flow with well- and mountain-bottom nozzles in continuous casting of steel. Metall Mater Trans B, 2008, 39(6): 870 [12] Hu H, Zhao H M, Zhang, J M, et al. Research on water model of mold level fluctuation. Iron Steel Vanadium Ti￾tanium, 2005, 26(1): 10 (胡皓, 赵和明, 张炯明, 等. 结晶器液面波动的水模型研究. 钢铁钒钛, 2005, 26(1): 10) [13] Miranda R, Barron M A, Barreto J, et al. Experimental and numerical analysis of the free surface in a water model of a slab continuous casting mold. ISIJ Int, 2005, 45(11): 1626 [14] Hoffken E, Lax H, Pietzko G, et al. Development of im￾proved immersion nozzles for continuous slab casting // 4th International Conference Continuous Casting, Vol 2. Brussels, 1988: 461 [15] Zhang N, Lei H. Surface disturbance in continuous casting mold. Phys Exam Test, 2010, 28(2):28 (张宁, 雷洪. 连铸结晶器内液面波动研究. 物理测试, 2010, 28(2): 28) [16] Najjar F M, Thomas B G, Hershey D E. Numerical study of steady turbulent flow through bifurcated nozzles in con￾tinuous casting. Metall Mater Trans B, 1995, 26(4): 749 [17] Jin X, Chen D F, Zhang D J, et al. Water model study on fluid flow in slab continuous casting mould with solidified shell. Ironmaking Steelmaking, 2011, 38(2): 155