第8期 缪新德等:轴承钢中钙铝酸盐夹杂物的形成及控制 .775. 散,有关其形成和控制机理需要进一步深入研究, A (4)通过控制VD炉炉渣的综合性能,增加钢 中夹杂物的吸附作用,能够有效地降低钢中大颗粒 夹杂物,且对钢中D类夹杂物有较好的改善作用. 参考文献 5 um 能量keV [1】杨念祖,朱良.轴承钢钙处理时点状夹杂物生成及转变的热力 学分析.钢铁,1988,2(3):41 图12第3种方案典型镁铝尖晶石夹杂 [2]王忠英,韩建淮,王重海.CCl5轴承钢治炼工艺分析和讨论. Fig-12 Typical MgO-Al2Os spinel inclusions in the third project 特殊钢,2003,24(1):33 [3]张鉴,成国光,王力军,等.治金熔体的计算热力学.北京:治 4结论 金工业出版社,1998.360 [4]潘辉,张婕,从玉伟,等.炉渣精炼技术的应用研究∥冶金研 (1)国内某特钢厂实际生产的轴承钢中D类夹 究.北京:治金工业出版社,2005:281 杂大致可分为4种:独立钙铝酸盐夹杂物,独立 [5]Seo J D,Kim S H.Thermodynamic assessment of Mg deoxida- Mg0Al203夹杂物,(Ca,Mg,Al)x0,复合态夹杂 tion reaction of liquid iron and equilibria of [MgAlO]and 物,外面包有硫化物的复合夹杂物:其中独立 [Mg{[SHo]Steel Res,2000,71(4):101 Mg0·AzO3夹杂物在钢中含量最多. [6]于平,陈伟庆,冯军,等,高碱度渣精炼的轴承钢中夹杂物研 究钢铁,2004,7.41 (2)A1含量对钢中夹杂物的生成有很大影响, [7]于春梅,缪新德,石超民,等.轴承钢中镁铝尖晶石夹杂物行为 在Mg0炉衬条件下,当有足够多的A1时,可使钢中 研究.北京科技大学学报,2005,27(增刊):37 形成Mg0·A1203,甚至生成Mg0. [8]于春梅,轴承钢中镁铝尖晶石的形成机理和控制工艺[学位论 (③)Mg的存在可以抑制钙铝酸盐的生成:同时 文】北京:北京科技大学,2006 在含钙较高时,也能抑制Mg0·Al2O3的生成,在 [9]石超民.轴承钢中钙铝酸盐夹杂形成及其控制工艺[学位论 文]北京:北京科技大学,2006 Mg、Ca含量都低的情况下,容易生成Al2O3夹杂 [10]Ohta H.Suito H.Activities of SiOz and Al2Os and activity coef- 因此要控制适当的Mg、Ca、Al,使轴承钢中Al2O3、 ficients of Feto and Mno in Cao-Si02-Al203-Mgo slags. Mg0·A203、xCa0·yAl203夹杂总量较少细小而分 Metall Mater Trans B.1998.29B:119 Formation and controlling of calcium aluminates inclusions in bearing steel MIAO Xinde),YU Chunmei,SHI Chaomin,DU Jianfeng).ZHU Huigang),CHENG Guoguang) 1)Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School,University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083.China 2)Xingcheng Special Steel Co.,Jiangyin 214429.China ABSTRACI The formation and transformation of non metallic globular inclusions (Type-D inclusions)in bear- ing steel production were studied.There were different kinds of Type-D inclusions in the commercial specimens of bearing steel from SEM inspection.Al content had important effect on the inclusion formation in the experi- ment of an induction furnace.A great amount of MgO.Al2O3 formed with high Al deoxidation in MgO crucible melting.With high content of Ca,the inclusions of MgO.Al2O3 spinel will become calcium-aluminates entirely. The results show that the contents of Ca,Mg and Al in liquid steel have important effect on the formation of D- type inclusions.It is tested in the experiment of bearing steel production that Type-D inclusions can be improved by specific slag modification and composition optimization. KEY WORDS bearing steel:inclusion;calcium-aluminates;basicity图12 第3种方案典型镁铝尖晶石夹杂 Fig.12 Typical MgO·Al2O3spinel inclusions in the third project 4 结论 (1) 国内某特钢厂实际生产的轴承钢中 D 类夹 杂大致可分为4种:独立钙铝酸盐夹杂物独立 MgO·Al2O3 夹杂物(CaMgAl)xOy 复合态夹杂 物外 面 包 有 硫 化 物 的 复 合 夹 杂 物;其 中 独 立 MgO·Al2O3夹杂物在钢中含量最多. (2) Al 含量对钢中夹杂物的生成有很大影响. 在 MgO 炉衬条件下当有足够多的 Al 时可使钢中 形成 MgO·Al2O3甚至生成 MgO. (3) Mg 的存在可以抑制钙铝酸盐的生成;同时 在含钙较高时也能抑制 MgO·Al2O3 的生成.在 Mg、Ca 含量都低的情况下容易生成 Al2O3 夹杂. 因此要控制适当的 Mg、Ca、Al使轴承钢中 Al2O3、 MgO·Al2O3、xCaO·yAl2O3 夹杂总量较少细小而分 散.有关其形成和控制机理需要进一步深入研究. (4) 通过控制 VD 炉炉渣的综合性能增加钢 中夹杂物的吸附作用能够有效地降低钢中大颗粒 夹杂物且对钢中 D 类夹杂物有较好的改善作用. 参 考 文 献 [1] 杨念祖朱良.轴承钢钙处理时点状夹杂物生成及转变的热力 学分析.钢铁19882(3):41 [2] 王忠英韩建淮王重海.CCr15轴承钢冶炼工艺分析和讨论. 特殊钢200324(1):33 [3] 张鉴成国光王力军等.冶金熔体的计算热力学.北京:冶 金工业出版社1998:360 [4] 潘辉张婕从玉伟等.炉渣精炼技术的应用研究∥冶金研 究.北京:冶金工业出版社2005:281 [5] Seo J DKim S H.Thermodynamic assessment of Mg deoxidation reaction of liquid iron and equilibria of [Mg]—[Al]—[O] and [Mg]—[S ]—[O].Steel Res200071(4):101 [6] 于平陈伟庆冯军等.高碱度渣精炼的轴承钢中夹杂物研 究.钢铁20047:41 [7] 于春梅缪新德石超民等.轴承钢中镁铝尖晶石夹杂物行为 研究.北京科技大学学报200527(增刊):37 [8] 于春梅.轴承钢中镁铝尖晶石的形成机理和控制工艺[学位论 文].北京:北京科技大学2006 [9] 石超民.轴承钢中钙铝酸盐夹杂形成及其控制工艺 [学位论 文].北京:北京科技大学2006 [10] Ohta HSuito H.Activities of SiO2and Al2O3and activity coefficients of FetO and MnO in CaO—SiO2—Al2O3—MgO slags. Metall Mater Trans B199829B:119 Formation and controlling of calcium-aluminates inclusions in bearing steel MIAO Xinde 12) Y U Chunmei 1) SHI Chaomin 1) DU Jianfeng 12) ZHU Huigang 12) CHENG Guoguang 1) 1) Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China 2) Xingcheng Special Steel Co.Jiangyin214429China ABSTRACT The formation and transformation of non-metallic globular inclusions (Type-D inclusions) in bearing steel production were studied.There were different kinds of Type-D inclusions in the commercial specimens of bearing steel from SEM inspection.Al content had important effect on the inclusion formation in the experiment of an induction furnace.A great amount of MgO·Al2O3formed with high Al deoxidation in MgO crucible melting.With high content of Cathe inclusions of MgO·Al2O3spinel will become calcium-aluminates entirely. The results show that the contents of CaMg and Al in liquid steel have important effect on the formation of Dtype inclusions.It is tested in the experiment of bearing steel production that Type-D inclusions can be improved by specific slag modification and composition optimization. KEY WORDS bearing steel;inclusion;calcium-aluminates;basicity 第8期 缪新德等: 轴承钢中钙铝酸盐夹杂物的形成及控制 ·775·