Valentine s Day is a waste of time, but I still feel obliged to send my wife a card 2)do(sb. )a favor; fulfil the wishes(of always did my best to oblige him, but he was never gratefi I' ll be obliged if you would complete and return the form as soon as possible 5. substance: n. 1)[C] illegal drugs substance abus If you use an illegal substance like that it could kill you 2)material with particular characteristic Celery contains a valuable chemical substance that helps lower blood pressure Polluting substances are found in many rivers 3)U] importance or relationship to real facts, essential nature What she says has substance because of her knowledge and experience There appears to be little substance to the new plar 6. export: n. 1)[C, U] action of send ing(goods ) to another country for sale The export of gold is forbidden in some countries export earnings/ export sales/ export markets 2)[C] sth exported We depend on our exports for foreign currency Wool is one of Australias chief exports. 7. violation: n. 1)[C] an example of violating or being violated brutal violations of human rights /a violation of Cuba' s air space The truck was stopped for a traffic violation 2)[U] violating or being violated It was an action in violation of the club's regulations He was in violation of his promises violate: vt. 1)break or be contrary to(a rule, principle, etc. They went to prison because they violated the law A country will not be respected if it violates an international agreement The construction of the build ing violated fire rules 2)disturb(personal freedom, etc.) Questions of this kind violate my rights and I am not willing to answer them 8. destructive: a. causing serious damage a destructive storm /the destructive power of nuclear weapons 9. torture: 1)n. the act of causing great physical pain(with intention or on purpose)in order to punish sb. or to force sb to do sth or to give information About half of the prisoners were murdered or died after torture or starvation We suffered the double tortures of a boring delay and intense heat as we waited a long time for our turn to come 2)vt cause great physical pain or mental suffering to The police said he had taken two men away by force before torturing them It is claimed that the officers tortured a man to death in 2000 in a city police station He tortured himself for years with the thought that he could have sent his daughter to university and let her have a very different lifeValentine’s Day is a waste of time, but I still feel obliged to send my wife a card. 2) do (sb.) a favor; fulfil the wishes (of) I always did my best to oblige him, but he was never grateful. I’ll be obliged if you would complete and return the form as soon as possible. 5. substance: n. 1) [C] illegal drugs substance abuse If you use an illegal substance like that it could kill you. 2) material with particular characteristics Celery contains a valuable chemical substance that helps lower blood pressure. Polluting substances are found in many rivers. 3) [U] importance or relationship to real facts, essential nature What she says has substance because of her knowledge and experience. There appears to be little substance to the new plan. 6. export: n. 1) [C, U] action of sending (goods) to another country for sale The export of gold is forbidden in some countries. export earnings/ export sales/ export markets 2) [C] sth. exported We depend on our exports for foreign currency. Wool is one of Australia’s chief exports. 7. violation: n. 1) [C] an example of violating or being violated brutal violations of human rights / a violation of Cuba’s air space The truck was stopped for a traffic violation. 2) [U] violating or being violated It was an action in violation of the club’s regulations. He was in violation of his promises. violate: vt. 1) break or be contrary to (a rule, principle, etc.) They went to prison because they violated the law. A country will not be respected if it violates an international agreement. The construction of the building violated fire rules. 2) disturb (personal freedom, etc.) Questions of this kind violate my rights and I am not willing to answer them. 8. destructive: a. causing serious damage a destructive storm / the destructive power of nuclear weapons 9. torture: 1) n. the act of causing great physical pain (with intention or on purpose) in order to punish sb. or to force sb. to do sth. or to give information About half of the prisoners were murdered or died after torture or starvation. We suffered the double tortures of a boring delay and intense heat as we waited a long time for our turn to come. 2) vt. cause great physical pain or mental suffering to The police said he had taken two men away by force before torturing them. It is claimed that the officers tortured a man to death in 2000 in a city police station. He tortured himself for years with the thought that he could have sent his daughter to university and let her have a very different life. 10. origin: n