pump), revealed by the recently availa lable high-resolution view of its structure 4. Explores new facets of the mechanisms of the K+ selectivity filter, brought to light recent high-resolution structures of the k+ channel Illuminates the structure, role, and mechanism of aquaporins with important new details Describes ABC transporters, with particular attention to the multidrug transporter MDRI Includes the newly solved structure of the lactose transporter of e coli. 12. Biosignaling 12. 1 Molecular Mechanisms of Signal Transduction 12.2 Gated Ion channels 12.3 Receptor Enzymes 12.4G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Second Messengers 12. 5 Multivalent scaffold Proteins and membrane Rafts 12.6 Signaling in Microorganisms and plants 12.7 Sensory Transduction in Vision, Olfaction, and Gustation 12.8 Regulation of Transcription by Steroid Hormones 12.9 Regulation of the Cell Cycle by Protein Kinases 12.10 Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes, and Programmed Cell Death Updates the previous editions groundbreaking chapter to chart the continuin development of signaling research Includes discussion on general mechanisms for activation of protein kin ascades Now covers the roles of membrane rafts and caveolae in signaling pathways, including the activities of AKAPs(A Kinase Anchoring Proteins)and other scaffold Examines the nature and conservation of families of multivalent protein binding modules, which combine to create many discrete signaling pathways Adds a new discussion of signaling in plants and bacteria, with comparison mammalian signaling pathways Features a new box on visualizing biochemistry with fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET) with green fluorescent protein(GFP) PART II: BIOENERGETICS AND METABOLISM 13. Principles of Bioenergetics 13. 1 Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics 13.2 Phosphoryl Group Transfers and ATP 13. 3 Biological Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Examines the increasing awareness of the multiple roles of polyphosphate Adds a new discussion of niacin deficiency and pellagra 14. Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway 14.1 Glycolysis 14.2 Feeder Pathways for Glycolysis 14.3 Fates of Pyruvate under Anaerobic Conditions: Fermentation 14.4 Gluconeogenesis 14.5 Pentose Phosphate Pathway of Glucose Oxidation Now covers gluconeogenesis immediately after glycolysis, discussing their relatedness, differences, and coordination and setting up the completely new chapter on metabolic regulation that follows Adds coverage of the mechanisms of phosphohexose isomerase and aldolase Revises the presentation of the mechanism of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase New Chapter 15. Principles of Metabolic Regulation, Illustrated with Glucose and lycogen Metabolismpump), revealed by the recently available high-resolution view of its structure Explores new facets of the mechanisms of the K+ selectivity filter, brought to light by recent high-resolution structures of the K+ channel Illuminates the structure, role, and mechanism of aquaporins with important new details Describes ABC transporters, with particular attention to the multidrug transporter (MDR1) Includes the newly solved structure of the lactose transporter of E. coli. 12. Biosignaling 12.1 Molecular Mechanisms of Signal Transduction 12.2 Gated Ion Channels 12.3 Receptor Enzymes 12.4 G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Second Messengers 12.5 Multivalent Scaffold Proteins and Membrane Rafts 12.6 Signaling in Microorganisms and Plants 12.7 Sensory Transduction in Vision, Olfaction, and Gustation 12.8 Regulation of Transcription by Steroid Hormones 12.9 Regulation of the Cell Cycle by Protein Kinases 12.10 Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes, and Programmed Cell Death Updates the previous edition's groundbreaking chapter to chart the continuing rapid development of signaling research Includes discussion on general mechanisms for activation of protein kinases in cascades Now covers the roles of membrane rafts and caveolae in signaling pathways, including the activities of AKAPs (A Kinase Anchoring Proteins) and other scaffold proteins Examines the nature and conservation of families of multivalent protein binding modules, which combine to create many discrete signaling pathways Adds a new discussion of signaling in plants and bacteria, with comparison to mammalian signaling pathways Features a new box on visualizing biochemistry with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) with green fluorescent protein (GFP) PART II: BIOENERGETICS AND METABOLISM 13. Principles of Bioenergetics 13.1 Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics 13.2 Phosphoryl Group Transfers and ATP 13.3 Biological Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Examines the increasing awareness of the multiple roles of polyphosphate Adds a new discussion of niacin deficiency and pellagra. 14. Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway 14.1 Glycolysis 14.2 Feeder Pathways for Glycolysis 14.3 Fates of Pyruvate under Anaerobic Conditions: Fermentation 14.4 Gluconeogenesis 14.5 Pentose Phosphate Pathway of Glucose Oxidation Now covers gluconeogenesis immediately after glycolysis, discussing their relatedness, differences, and coordination and setting up the completely new chapter on metabolic regulation that follows Adds coverage of the mechanisms of phosphohexose isomerase and aldolase Revises the presentation of the mechanism of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. New Chapter 15. Principles of Metabolic Regulation, Illustrated with Glucose and Glycogen Metabolism