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高永涛等:基于雷达信号特征点提取的结构物埋深估算方法 ·1805· 估算仍可取得较高的精度.在10次取不同特征点分 目标检测与定位.电子学报,2004,32(9):1468) 析中,波速估算值基本接近实际值,估算结果波动较 8 Dolgiy A,Dolgiy A.Zolotarev V.Optimal radius estimation for 小:且当多个目标体存在时,取波速平均估算值可进一 subsurface pipes detected by ground penetrating radar//11th In- ternational Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar.Columbus, 步减小波速估算的误差. 2006 (4)对于有畸变的雷达数据,采用修正后的埋深 Ristic A V,Petrovacki D,Govedarica M.A new method to simul- 估算方法,结合波速估算值及测得的结构物双程旅时 taneously estimate the radius of a cylindrical object and the wave 近似计算结构物埋深可取得理想的结果.实验结果表 propagation velocity from GPR data.Comput Geosci,2009,35 明修正后的埋深估算方法的误差通常在5%~10%范 (8):1620. 围甚至更低,在估算精度及误差控制方面相比经验法 [10]Song L,Zhang X J,Yang W H,et al.Experimental study on 有明显优势,能够满足雷达法检测对埋深估算的精度 GPR model for artificial freezing projects.Chin Geotech Eng, 2012,34(1):115 要求 (宋雷,张小俊,杨维好,等.人工冻结工程地质雷达模型试 验研究.岩土工程学报,2012,34(1):115) 参考文献 [11]Kong LJ,Zhou Z 0.Research on measurement of wave speed Hary MJ.Ground Penetrating Radar:Theory and Applications for sub-surface penetrating radar.Acta Electron Sin,2002,30 Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2011 (9):1330 (HaMJ.探地雷达理论与应用.北京:电子工业出版社, (孔令讲,周正欧.浅地层探地雷达波速测量方法的研究 2011) 电子学报,2002,30(9):1330) 2]Yang Y Q,He S H,Qi F L,et al.Simulation test of GPR non- 02] Yu JL,Wang C H.Estimation of EM wave velocity in detecting contact detection on lining of railway tunnel.Chin I Rock Mech underground target by GPR.Prog Geophys,2003,18(3):477 Eng,2011,30(9):1761 (于景兰,王春和.探地雷达探测地下目标时的波速估计 (杨艳青,贺少辉,齐法琳,等.铁路隧道衬砌地质雷达非接 地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):477) 触检测模拟试验研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(9): [13]Wang X J,Zhao Y L,Hu Z Q,et al.Estimation method and 1761) comparative analysis of ground penetrating radar electromagnetic B]Yang G,Liu D W.Frequency spectrum characteristic of quartz wave velocity based on different water contents.J China Coal sandstone rock mass with GPR.Chin J Eng,2015,37 (11) Sae,2013,38(Suppl1):174 1397 (王新静,赵艳玲,胡振琪,等.不同水分条件下探地雷达电 (杨光,刘敦文.石英砂岩体的地质雷达波频谱特征.工程科 磁波波速估算方法与对比分析.煤炭学报,2013,38(增刊 学学报,2015,37(11):1397) 1):174) 4]Ni X Q,Wang Y Q,Wang G Q.Study on thickness measuring of [14]Ling T H,Zhang S.Li S R.Hilbert-Huang transform method tunnel lining-wall by geologic radar method.Mod Transp Technol, for detection signal of tunnel geological prediction using penetrat- 2006,(3):50 ing radar.Chin J Rock Mech Eng,2012,31 (7)1422 (倪修勒,王云泉,王国群.地质雷达方法检测隧道村砌厚度 (凌同华,张胜,李升冉。地质雷达隧道超前地质预报检测 研究.现代交通技术,2006,(3):50) 信号的HHT分析法岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(7): [5]Kang FZ.Qi FL,He S H,et al.Application of ground penetrat- 1422) ing radar to disease detection of Kunlun Mountain Tunnel.ChinI [15]Lii G,Li N,Liu XX,et al.FDTD forward modeling of geomet- Rock Mech Eng,2010,29(2)3641 ric shape and fillings of lining defects of highway tunnel.Chin (康富中,齐法琳,贺少辉,等.地质雷达在昆仑山隧道病害 Rock Mech Eng,2014,33(7):1415 检测中的应用.岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(2):3641) (吕高,李宁,刘新星,等.公路隧道衬砌缺陷几何形态及填 6]Yang Y Q.He S H.Qi F L.et al.Simulation tests on GPR de- 充物DTD正演分析.岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(7): tection of composite linings of railway tunnels.Chin J Geotech 1415) Eng,2012,34(6):1159 [16]Zhong S,Wang C Y,Wu L X,et al.Borehole radar response (杨艳青,贺少辉,齐法琳,等.铁路隧道复合式村砌地质雷 characteristics of point unfavourable geo-bodies:forward simula- 达检测模拟试验研究.岩土工程学报,2012,34(6):1159) tion of its surrounding rock and filling condition.Rock Soil Mech, Chen DL.Huang C L,Su Y.An integrated method of statistical 2012,33(4):1192 method and Hough transform for GPR targets detection and loca- (钟声,王川婴,吴立新,等.点头不良地质体钻孔雷达响应 tion.Acta Electron Sin,2004,32(9):1468 特征:围岩及充填效应正演分析.岩土力学,2012,33(4): (陈德莉,黄春琳,粟毅.用统计方法和Hugh变换进行GPR 1192)高永涛等: 基于雷达信号特征点提取的结构物埋深估算方法 估算仍可取得较高的精度. 在 10 次取不同特征点分 析中,波速估算值基本接近实际值,估算结果波动较 小; 且当多个目标体存在时,取波速平均估算值可进一 步减小波速估算的误差. ( 4) 对于有畸变的雷达数据,采用修正后的埋深 估算方法,结合波速估算值及测得的结构物双程旅时 近似计算结构物埋深可取得理想的结果. 实验结果表 明修正后的埋深估算方法的误差通常在 5% ~ 10% 范 围甚至更低,在估算精度及误差控制方面相比经验法 有明显优势,能够满足雷达法检测对埋深估算的精度 要求. 参 考 文 献 [1] Harry M J. Ground Penetrating Radar: Theory and Applications. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2011 ( Harry M J. 探地雷达理论与应用. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2011) [2] Yang Y Q,He S H,Qi F L,et al. Simulation test of GPR non￾contact detection on lining of railway tunnel. Chin J Rock Mech Eng,2011,30( 9) : 1761 ( 杨艳青,贺少辉,齐法琳,等. 铁路隧道衬砌地质雷达非接 触检测模拟试验研究. 岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30( 9) : 1761) [3] Yang G,Liu D W. Frequency spectrum characteristic of quartz sandstone rock mass with GPR. Chin J Eng,2015,37 ( 11 ) : 1397 ( 杨光,刘敦文. 石英砂岩体的地质雷达波频谱特征. 工程科 学学报,2015,37( 11) : 1397) [4] Ni X Q,Wang Y Q,Wang G Q. Study on thickness measuring of tunnel lining-wall by geologic radar method. Mod Transp Technol, 2006,( 3) : 50 ( 倪修勤,王云泉,王国群. 地质雷达方法检测隧道衬砌厚度 研究. 现代交通技术,2006,( 3) : 50) [5] Kang F Z,Qi F L,He S H,et al. Application of ground penetrat￾ing radar to disease detection of Kunlun Mountain Tunnel. Chin J Rock Mech Eng,2010,29( 2) : 3641 ( 康富中,齐法琳,贺少辉,等. 地质雷达在昆仑山隧道病害 检测中的应用. 岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29( 2) : 3641) [6] Yang Y Q,He S H,Qi F L,et al. Simulation tests on GPR de￾tection of composite linings of railway tunnels. Chin J Geotech Eng,2012,34( 6) : 1159 ( 杨艳青,贺少辉,齐法琳,等. 铁路隧道复合式衬砌地质雷 达检测模拟试验研究. 岩土工程学报,2012,34( 6) : 1159) [7] Chen D L,Huang C L,Su Y. An integrated method of statistical method and Hough transform for GPR targets detection and loca￾tion. Acta Electron Sin,2004,32( 9) : 1468 ( 陈德莉,黄春琳,粟毅. 用统计方法和 Hough 变换进行 GPR 目标检测与定位. 电子学报,2004,32( 9) : 1468) [8] Dolgiy A,Dolgiy A,Zolotarev V. Optimal radius estimation for subsurface pipes detected by ground penetrating radar / / 11th In￾ternational Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar. Columbus, 2006 [9] Ristic A V,Petrovacki D,Govedarica M. A new method to simul￾taneously estimate the radius of a cylindrical object and the wave propagation velocity from GPR data. Comput Geosci,2009,35 ( 8) : 1620. [10] Song L,Zhang X J,Yang W H,et al. Experimental study on GPR model for artificial freezing projects. Chin J Geotech Eng, 2012,34( 1) : 115 ( 宋雷,张小俊,杨维好,等. 人工冻结工程地质雷达模型试 验研究. 岩土工程学报,2012,34( 1) : 115) [11] Kong L J,Zhou Z O. Research on measurement of wave speed for sub-surface penetrating radar. Acta Electron Sin,2002,30 ( 9) : 1330 ( 孔令讲,周正欧. 浅地层探地雷达波速测量方法的研究. 电子学报,2002,30( 9) : 1330) [12] Yu J L,Wang C H. Estimation of EM wave velocity in detecting underground target by GPR. Prog Geophys,2003,18( 3) : 477 ( 于景兰,王春和. 探地雷达探测地下目标时的波速估计. 地球物理学进展,2003,18( 3) : 477) [13] Wang X J,Zhao Y L,Hu Z Q,et al. Estimation method and comparative analysis of ground penetrating radar electromagnetic wave velocity based on different water contents. J China Coal Soc,2013,38( Suppl 1) : 174 ( 王新静,赵艳玲,胡振琪,等. 不同水分条件下探地雷达电 磁波波速估算方法与对比分析. 煤炭学报,2013,38( 增刊 1) : 174) [14] Ling T H,Zhang S,Li S R. Hilbert--Huang transform method for detection signal of tunnel geological prediction using penetrat￾ing radar. Chin J Rock Mech Eng,2012,31( 7) : 1422 ( 凌同华,张胜,李升冉. 地质雷达隧道超前地质预报检测 信号的 HHT 分析法. 岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31 ( 7) : 1422) [15] Lü G,Li N,Liu X X,et al. FDTD forward modeling of geomet￾ric shape and fillings of lining defects of highway tunnel. Chin J Rock Mech Eng,2014,33( 7) : 1415 ( 吕高,李宁,刘新星,等. 公路隧道衬砌缺陷几何形态及填 充物 FDTD 正演分析. 岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33( 7) : 1415) [16] Zhong S,Wang C Y,Wu L X,et al. Borehole radar response characteristics of point unfavourable geo-bodies: forward simula￾tion of its surrounding rock and filling condition. Rock Soil Mech, 2012,33( 4) : 1192 ( 钟声,王川婴,吴立新,等. 点头不良地质体钻孔雷达响应 特征: 围岩及充填效应正演分析. 岩土力学,2012,33( 4) : 1192) ·1805·
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