⑩天掌 Teaching Plan on Advanced Mathematics o aP Q aR =y-3 az 原式=(y-d (利用柱面坐标得) (rsin 8-zrdrdedz y 9兀 tianjin polytechnic dmivendityTianjin Polytechnic University Teaching Plan on Advanced Mathematics , 0, = 0,   =   = −   z R y Q y z x P   原式 = ( y − z)dxdydz   = (rsin − z)rdrddz . 2 9 = − (利用柱面坐标得) x o z y 1 1 3    =   −  3 0 1 0 2 0 d dr r(sin z)rdz