I. 4. a disc is in-bounds once it is live, or when play starts or restarts. l5. a disc becomes out-of-bounds when it first contacts the out-of-bounds area or contacts an out -of- bounds offensive player. a disc in the possession of an offensive player has the same in/out-of- bounds status as that player. If the disc is simultaneously in the possession of more than one offensive player, one of them being out-of-bounds, the disc is out-of-bounds 11.6. The disc may fly outside a perimeter line and return to the playing field, and players may go out-of- bounds to make a play on the disc. I 1.7. The place where a disc went out-of-bounds is the spot where, prior to contacting an out-of- bounds area or player, the disc was most recently 1.7.. partly or wholly over the playing field; or 1 2. contacted by an in-bounds player 8. If the disc is out-of-bounds and more than three 3)metres from the pivot point, non-players may retrieve the disc. The thrower must carry the disc the last three 3)metres to the playing fiele 12. Receivers and Positioning 1. A player"catches "the disc by demonstrating sustained control of a non-spinning disc 12. 2. If the player loses control of the disc due to subsequent contact with the ground or a team-mate or a legitimately positioned opposition player, the catch is deemed to have not occurred 2.3. The following are out-of-bounds turnovers, and no catch is deemed to have occurred I2.3.1. an offensive receiver is out-of-bounds when they contact the disc; or 12.3.2. after catching the disc, an offensive receivers first contact is out-of-bounds while still in possession of the disc 12. 4. After a catch, that player becomes the thrower. 12.5. If offensive and defensive players catch the disc simultaneously, the offence retains possession 2.6. A player in an established position is entitled to remain in that position and should not be contacted by an opposing player. 2.7. Every player is entitled to occupy any position on the field not occupied by any opposing player provided that they do not initiate contact in taking such a position I2.7.1. However when the disc is in the air a player may not move in a manner solely to prevent 12.8. All players must attempt to avoid contact with other players, and there is no situation where a player may justify initiating contact. Making a play for the disc"is not a valid excuse for initiating contact with other players 12.9. Some incidental contact, not affecting the outcome of the play or safety of players, may occur as two or more players move towards a single point simultaneously. Incidental contact should be minimized but is not considered a foul 0. Players may not use their arms or legs to obstruct the movement of opposing players 2. I No player may physically assist the movement of another player, nor use an item of equipment to assist in contacting the disc. 13. Turnovers 13.1. A turnover that transfers possession of the disc from one team to the other occurs when 13. I.I. the disc contacts the ground while it is not in the possession of an offensive player(a down”); 13. 1. 2. a pass is caught by a defensive player(an"interception); 13. 1.3. the disc becomes out-of bounds(an"out-of-bounds); or 13. 1. 4. during the pull, the receiving team touches the disc before it contacts the ground, and fails to catch the disc(a"dropped pull7 11.4. A disc is in-bounds once it is live, or when play starts or restarts. 11.5. A disc becomes out-of-bounds when it first contacts the out-of-bounds area or contacts an out-of￾bounds offensive player. A disc in the possession of an offensive player has the same in/out-of￾bounds status as that player. If the disc is simultaneously in the possession of more than one offensive player, one of them being out-of-bounds, the disc is out-of-bounds. 11.6. The disc may fly outside a perimeter line and return to the playing field, and players may go out-of￾bounds to make a play on the disc. 11.7. The place where a disc went out-of-bounds is the spot where, prior to contacting an out-of￾bounds area or player, the disc was most recently: 11.7.1. partly or wholly over the playing field; or 11.7.2. contacted by an in-bounds player. 11.8. If the disc is out-of-bounds and more than three (3) metres from the pivot point, non-players may retrieve the disc. The thrower must carry the disc the last three (3) metres to the playing field. 12. Receivers and Positioning 12.1. A player “catches” the disc by demonstrating sustained control of a non-spinning disc. 12.2. If the player loses control of the disc due to subsequent contact with the ground or a team-mate or a legitimately positioned opposition player, the catch is deemed to have not occurred. 12.3. The following are out-of-bounds turnovers, and no catch is deemed to have occurred: 12.3.1. an offensive receiver is out-of-bounds when they contact the disc; or 12.3.2. after catching the disc, an offensive receiver’s first contact is out-of-bounds while still in possession of the disc. 12.4. After a catch, that player becomes the thrower. 12.5. If offensive and defensive players catch the disc simultaneously, the offence retains possession. 12.6. A player in an established position is entitled to remain in that position and should not be contacted by an opposing player. 12.7. Every player is entitled to occupy any position on the field not occupied by any opposing player, provided that they do not initiate contact in taking such a position. 12.7.1. However when the disc is in the air a player may not move in a manner solely to prevent an opponent from taking an unoccupied path to the disc. 12.8. All players must attempt to avoid contact with other players, and there is no situation where a player may justify initiating contact. “Making a play for the disc” is not a valid excuse for initiating contact with other players. 12.9. Some incidental contact, not affecting the outcome of the play or safety of players, may occur as two or more players move towards a single point simultaneously. Incidental contact should be minimized but is not considered a foul. 12.10.Players may not use their arms or legs to obstruct the movement of opposing players. 12.11.No player may physically assist the movement of another player, nor use an item of equipment to assist in contacting the disc. 13. Turnovers 13.1. A turnover that transfers possession of the disc from one team to the other occurs when: 13.1.1. the disc contacts the ground while it is not in the possession of an offensive player (a “down”); 13.1.2. a pass is caught by a defensive player (an “interception”); 13.1.3. the disc becomes out-of bounds (an “out-of-bounds”); or 13.1.4. during the pull, the receiving team touches the disc before it contacts the ground, and fails to catch the disc (a “dropped pull”)