Intrinsic primary afferent neurons IPANs, within ENS Spinal Cord > Myenteric肌间PANs: respond V Distortion of their processes in the external muscle layers Intrinsic Prmary Afferent Neurons AMeren Neurons v changes in luminal chemistry, via MP processes in the mucosa, Mucosal Chemical Intestinouga Mechano- sCeNE senstve cM> submucosal粘膜下 PANS Neuro detect SM Mechanical distortion of the mucosa Luminal chemistry LM, longitudinal muscle; CM, circular muscle; MP, myenteric plexus; SM submucosa; Muc, mucosa. Nerve endings in the mucosa can be activated by hormones released from entero-endocrine cells(arrows)3 ❖Intrinsic primary afferent neurons, IPANs, within ENS ➢Myenteric 肌间 IPANs: respond to ✓Distortion of their processes in the external muscle layers ✓changes in luminal chemistry, via processes in the mucosa, ➢submucosal 粘膜下 IPANs detect: ✓Mechanical distortion of the mucosa ✓Luminal chemistry. LM, longitudinal muscle; CM, circular muscle; MP, myenteric plexus; SM, submucosa; Muc, mucosa. Nerve endings in the mucosa can be activated by hormones released from entero-endocrine cells (arrows)