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第9卷第2期 智能系统学报 Vol.9 No.2 2014年4月 CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems Apr.2014 D0I:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4785.201310025 网络出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/doi/10.3969/j.issn.1673-4785.201310025.html 多跳无线传感器网络下基于KF优化的PTP协议 杨玉景,黄艺文,李太华,代学武 (西南大学电子信息工程学院,重庆400715) 摘要:保持各节点时间上的同步在分布式系统中具有十分关键的地位,是保证各节点间协同工作,处理数据正确 和传输可靠的前提。无线传感器网络的时间同步,由于获取精确时钟戳难度大、传输延迟抖动明显等问题,导致精 度不够。针对无线传感器网络低功耗的特点及对时钟同步算法精度的要求,提出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波器优化的 EEE1588PTP时间同步方法,研究了无线网络中PTP的性能与时间戳精度之间的关系,在单跳同步实验基础上,将 同步网络拓展到多跳,以验证不同协议模式下的多跳同步性能。仿真结果表明,针对不同时钟标记的不确定性,基 于卡尔曼滤波器优化的PTP协议能够较好地滤除同步噪声,抑制同步误差的传递,在保持同步精度的前提下适用于 更大规模的无线传感器网络。 关键词:无线传感器网络;PTP协议;卡尔曼滤波器:多跳:时间同步:同步噪声 中图分类号:TP393文献标志码:A文章编号:1673-4785(2014)02-0174-06 中文引用格式:杨玉景,黄艺文,李太华,等.多跳无线传感器网络下基于KF优化的TP协议[J].智能系统学报,2014,9(2):174179. 英文引用格式:YANG Yujing,HUANG Yiwen,.LI Taihua,teal.Precision time protocol(PTP)on the basis of Kalman filtering in the multi-hop wireless sensor network[J].CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems,2014,9(2):174-179. Precision time protocol (PTP)on the basis of Kalman filtering in the multi-hop wireless sensor network YANG Yujing,HUANG Yiwen,LI Taihua,DAI Xuewu (School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China) Abstract:Precise time synchronization plays a central role in the distributed system.It is vital to maintain time syn- chronization for collaborative work between nodes,process data correctly,and transmit information reliably.The low accuracy of time synchronization among wireless sensor nodes is caused by obvious transmission delay jitters, low timestamp accuracy,etc.In accordance with the high accuracy and low power consumption requirements,an IEEE 1588 PTP solution for applying the Kalman filtering based precision time protocol (PTP)in multi-hop wire- less sensor network has been proposed for researching the relationship between the performances of PTP in wireless networks and the accuracy of timestamps.The synchronization network is expanded to the multi-hop network based on the single-hop synchronization experiment for the purpose of validating the multi-hop synchronization performance with different protocol modes.The simulation results show that while focusing on the uncertainty of the marker for different clocks,the PTP based on Kalman filter optimization can fiterout the synchronization noise and decrease the synchronization errors,and this method is suitable for larger-scale wireless sensor networks with the goal of ensuring synchronization precision. Keywords:wireless senor network;PTP;Kalman filter;multi-hop wireless network;time synchronization;syn- chronization noise 作为分布式系统的重要组成部分,时间的同步是 收稿日期:2013-10-10.网络出版日期:2014-03-31. 对时间敏感的工业无线网络的关键支撑技术。时间 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(61101135):西南大学基本科 研业务费专项资金资助项目(XDJK2012C065). 同步山是解决无线传感器网络系统可靠性和稳定性 通信作者:李太华.E-mail:catalyst(@swu.edu.cm 难题的关键,是一个将所有节点各自不同的局部时间第 9 卷第 2 期 智 能 系 统 学 报 Vol.9 №.2 2014 年 4 月 CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems Apr. 2014 DOI:10.3969 / j.issn.1673⁃4785.201310025 网络出版地址:http: / / www.cnki.net / kcms/ doi / 10.3969 / j.issn.1673⁃4785.201310025.html 多跳无线传感器网络下基于 KF 优化的 PTP 协议 杨玉景,黄艺文,李太华,代学武 (西南大学 电子信息工程学院,重庆 400715) 摘 要:保持各节点时间上的同步在分布式系统中具有十分关键的地位,是保证各节点间协同工作,处理数据正确 和传输可靠的前提。 无线传感器网络的时间同步,由于获取精确时钟戳难度大、传输延迟抖动明显等问题,导致精 度不够。 针对无线传感器网络低功耗的特点及对时钟同步算法精度的要求,提出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波器优化的 IEEE 1588 PTP 时间同步方法,研究了无线网络中 PTP 的性能与时间戳精度之间的关系,在单跳同步实验基础上,将 同步网络拓展到多跳,以验证不同协议模式下的多跳同步性能。 仿真结果表明,针对不同时钟标记的不确定性,基 于卡尔曼滤波器优化的 PTP 协议能够较好地滤除同步噪声,抑制同步误差的传递,在保持同步精度的前提下适用于 更大规模的无线传感器网络。 关键词:无线传感器网络;PTP 协议;卡尔曼滤波器;多跳;时间同步;同步噪声 中图分类号: TP393 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1673⁃4785(2014)02⁃0174⁃06 中文引用格式:杨玉景,黄艺文,李太华,等. 多跳无线传感器网络下基于 KF 优化的 PTP 协议[J]. 智能系统学报, 2014, 9(2): 174⁃179. 英文引用格式: YANG Yujing,HUANG Yiwen,LI Taihua, te al. Precision time protocol (PTP) on the basis of Kalman filtering in the multi⁃hop wireless sensor network[J]. CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems, 2014, 9(2): 174⁃179. Precision time protocol (PTP) on the basis of Kalman filtering in the multi⁃hop wireless sensor network YANG Yujing, HUANG Yiwen, LI Taihua, DAI Xuewu (School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China) Abstract:Precise time synchronization plays a central role in the distributed system. It is vital to maintain time syn⁃ chronization for collaborative work between nodes, process data correctly, and transmit information reliably. The low accuracy of time synchronization among wireless sensor nodes is caused by obvious transmission delay jitters, low timestamp accuracy, etc. In accordance with the high accuracy and low power consumption requirements, an IEEE 1588 PTP solution for applying the Kalman filtering based precision time protocol (PTP) in multi⁃hop wire⁃ less sensor network has been proposed for researching the relationship between the performances of PTP in wireless networks and the accuracy of timestamps. The synchronization network is expanded to the multi⁃hop network based on the single⁃hop synchronization experiment for the purpose of validating the multi⁃hop synchronization performance with different protocol modes. The simulation results show that while focusing on the uncertainty of the marker for different clocks, the PTP based on Kalman filter optimization can fiterout the synchronization noise and decrease the synchronization errors, and this method is suitable for larger⁃scale wireless sensor networks with the goal of ensuring synchronization precision. Keywords:wireless senor network; PTP; Kalman filter; multi⁃hop wireless network; time synchronization; syn⁃ chronization noise 收稿日期:2013⁃10⁃10. 网络出版日期:2014⁃03⁃31. 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(61101135);西南大学基本科 研业务费专项资金资助项目(XDJK2012C065). 通信作者:李太华. E⁃mail:catalyst@ swu.edu.cn. 作为分布式系统的重要组成部分,时间的同步是 对时间敏感的工业无线网络的关键支撑技术。 时间 同步[1]是解决无线传感器网络系统可靠性和稳定性 难题的关键,是一个将所有节点各自不同的局部时间
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