2.His friends and doctors did not think he could do it,as he had lung cancer. Grammar:Because,.since,as这三个词都可引导原因状语从句，其中because语 气最强，主要回答游why引出的问句，since次之，as最弱。Since和as表示的 原因多是既定事实。若从句表示的原因还不是确切的事实，就不能用sice。在 强调句式中，若强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导的从句。 It was because he was ill that he didn't go with us. Fo引导的是并列分句，它只是对前面的分句加以解释，说明推断的理由，并且 只能后置。 e.g.It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet this morning. 3.But Chichester wasdetermined to carry out his plan be determined todo/about doingsth:have a strong will to(do)决心做 e.g.He is determined about giving up smoking. CF:be determined to do sth.make up one's mind to do sth be determined to dosth.侧重某人的决心. make up one's mind to do sth.则强调某人打定主意，不再动摇 e.g.We are determined to devote ourselves tojust causes. At last we made up our minds to tell her the truth. 4. ...an age when many men retire, retire:vi. a.give up one's job because of old age退休 e.g.Professors usually retire at 60 in China b.go away;:withdraw离开 e.g.After the dinner,the ladies retired to the drawing room,leaving the men to their cigars and drinks. c.go to bed睡觉 e.g.The writer usually retires at midnight. 5.But the clippers had had plenty of crew.Chichester did it all by himself,.. (1)plenty of:(followed by either a countable and an uncountable noun)a large quantity or number of许多 e.g.plenty of water/sugar/money/time 2. His friends and doctors did not think he could do it, as he had lung cancer. Grammar：Because, since, as 这三个词都可引导原因状语从句，其中 because 语 气最强，主要回答游 why 引出的问句，since 次之，as 最弱。Since 和 as 表示的 原因多是既定事实。若从句表示的原因还不是确切的事实，就不能用 since。在 强调句式中，若强调原因状语从句，只能用 because 引导的从句。 It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with us. For 引导的是并列分句，它只是对前面的分句加以解释，说明推断的理由，并且 只能后置。 e.g. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning. 3. But Chichester was determined to carry out his plan. be determined to do / about doing sth.: have a strong will to (do) 决心做 e.g. He is determined about giving up smoking. CF: be determined to do sth. & make up one’s mind to do sth. be determined to do sth. 侧重某人的决心。 make up one’s mind to do sth. 则强调某人打定主意，不再动摇。 e.g. We are determined to devote ourselves to just causes. At last we made up our minds to tell her the truth. 4. …, an age when many men retire,… retire: vi. a. give up one’s job because of old age 退休 e.g. Professors usually retire at 60 in China. b. go away; withdraw 离开 e.g. After the dinner, the ladies retired to the drawing room, leaving the men to their cigars and drinks. c. go to bed 睡觉 e.g. The writer usually retires at midnight. 5. But the clippers had had plenty of crew. Chichester did it all by himself, … (1) plenty of: (followed by either a countable and an uncountable noun) a large quantity or number of 许多 e.g. plenty of water/sugar/money/time