Three main approaches(仿法、途径) to the study of ecology 1.The simplest method is to observe and record the organism in its natural environment. 2.A second type of study is to carry out experiments in the field to find out how the organism reacts to certain changes in its surroundings(环境).Three main approaches Three main approaches (方法、途径 ) to the study of ecology to the study of ecology 1. The simplest method is to observe and record the organism in its natural environment. 2. A second type of study is to carry out experiments in the field to find out how the organism reacts to certain changes in its surroundings （环境）