train when the police closed in on us with their clubs,beating right and left.with no thought of children,who were in the most desperate danger of being trampled to death. The mothers and children were thus hurled in a mass and bodily dragged to a military truck,and even then clubbed,irrespective of the cries of the panic-stricken women and children.... A week after that,women returning from a meeting were surrounded by police and clubbed;one pregnant woman was carried unconscious to a hospital and gave birth to a dead child. Still,the strikers held out."They are always marching and singing,"reporter Mary Heaton Vorse wrote."The tired,gray crowds ebbing and flowing perpetually into the mills had waked and opened their mouths to sing." The American Woolen Company decided to give in.It offered raises of 5 to 11 percent(the strikers insisted that the largest increases go to the lowest-paid),time and a quarter for overtime,and no discrimination against those who had struck.On March 14. 1912,ten thousand strikers gathered on the Lawrence Common and,with Bill Haywood presiding,voted to end the strike. Ettor and Giovanitti went on trial.Support for them had been mounting all over the country.There were parades in New York and Boston;on September 30,fifteen thousand Lawrence workers struck for twenty-four hours to show theit support for the two men. After that,two thousand of the most active strikers were Tyred,but the IWW threatened to call another strike,and they were put back.A jury found Ettor and Giovanitti not guilty, and that afternoon,ten thousand people assembledi Lawrence to celebrate. The IWW took its slogan "One Big Union'Spriously.Women,foreigners,black workers,the lowliest and most unskilled oforkers,were included when a factory or mine was organized.When the Brotherhood of Timber Workers organized in Louisiana and invited Bill Haywood to speak to them in 1912(shortly after the Lawrence victory), he expressed surprise that no Negrges were at the meeting.He was told it was against the law to have interracial meetings in Douisiana.Haywood told the convention: You work in the same mills together.Sometimes a black man and a white man chop down the same tree togethes ou are meeting in convention now to discuss the conditions under which yorr labor....Why not be sensible about this and call the Negroes into the Convention?If it is against the law,this is one time when the law should be broken. Negroes were invited into the convention,which then voted to affiliate with the TWW. In 1900 there were 500.000 women office workers-in 1870 there had been 19.000. Women were switchboard operators,store workers,nurses.Half a million were teachers. The teachers formed a leachers League that fought against the automatic firing of women who became pregnant.The following "Rules for Female Teachers"were posted by the school board of one town in Massachusetts: 1.Do not get married. 2.Do not leave town at any time without permission of the school board. 3.Do not keep company with men. 4. Be home between the hours of 8 P.M.and 6 A.M. 5.Do not loiter downtown,in ice cream stores. 6.Do not smoke.train when the police closed in on us with their clubs, beating right and left, with no thought of children, who were in the most desperate danger of being trampled to death. The mothers and children were thus hurled in a mass and bodily dragged to a military truck, and even then clubbed, irrespective of the cries of the panic-stricken women and children.... A week after that, women returning from a meeting were surrounded by police and clubbed; one pregnant woman was carried unconscious to a hospital and gave birth to a dead child. Still, the strikers held out. "They are always marching and singing," reporter Mary Heaton Vorse wrote. "The tired, gray crowds ebbing and flowing perpetually into the mills had waked and opened their mouths to sing." The American Woolen Company decided to give in. It offered raises of 5 to 11 percent (the strikers insisted that the largest increases go to the lowest-paid), time and a quarter for overtime, and no discrimination against those who had struck. On March 14, 1912, ten thousand strikers gathered on the Lawrence Common and, with Bill Haywood presiding, voted to end the strike. Ettor and Giovanitti went on trial. Support for them had been mounting all over the country. There were parades in New York and Boston; on September 30, fifteen thousand Lawrence workers struck for twenty-four hours to show their support for the two men. After that, two thousand of the most active strikers were fired, but the IWW threatened to call another strike, and they were put back. A jury found Ettor and Giovanitti not guilty, and that afternoon, ten thousand people assembled in Lawrence to celebrate. The IWW took its slogan "One Big Union" seriously. Women, foreigners, black workers, the lowliest and most unskilled of workers, were included when a factory or mine was organized. When the Brotherhood of Timber Workers organized in Louisiana and invited Bill Haywood to speak to them in 1912 (shortly after the Lawrence victory), he expressed surprise that no Negroes were at the meeting. He was told it was against the law to have interracial meetings in Louisiana. Haywood told the convention: You work in the same mills together. Sometimes a black man and a white man chop down the same tree together. 'You are meeting in convention now to discuss the conditions under which yon labor... . Why not be sensible about this and call the Negroes into the Convention? If it is against the law, this is one time when the law should be broken. Negroes were invited into the convention, which then voted to affiliate with the TWW. In 1900 there were 500,000 women office workers-in 1870 there had been 19,000. Women were switchboard operators, store workers, nurses. Half a million were teachers. The teachers formed a leachers League that fought against the automatic firing of women who became pregnant. The following ''Rules for Female Teachers" were posted by the school board of one town in Massachusetts: 1. Do not get married. 2. Do not leave town at any time without permission of the school board. 3. Do not keep company with men. 4. Be home between the hours of 8 P.M. and 6 A.M. 5. Do not loiter downtown, in ice cream stores. 6. Do not smoke. no profit use only