The scope of pediatrics Pediatrics is the study of growth and development of the child from the genetic background and moment of conception through adolescence It is the science and art of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the diseases of children from birth through adolescence whether these disturbances be physical, mental or emotionalPediatrics is the study of growth and development of the child from the genetic background and moment of conception through adolescence. It is the science and art of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the diseases of children from birth through adolescence, whether these disturbances be physical, mental, or emotional