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第31卷第7期 环境科学研究 Vol 31. No.7 2018年7月 Research of Environmental Sciences July, 2018 武冬青,郭琳新加坡固体废物循环利用于填海造地技术的硏究进展[J]环境科学硏究,2018,31(7:1174-181 WU Dongqing, GUO Lin. Research progress of recycling Singapore solid wastes for land reclamation[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2018, 31(7) 1174-1181 新加坡固体废物循环利用于填海造地技术的研究进展 武冬青,郭琳 凯密林克科技集团,凯密林克科技研发中心,新加坡739462,新加坡 摘要:近年来,经济快速发展使得包括新加坡在内的许多沿海国家和地区土地需求量増多,毎年的墳海规模不断增大,传统的砂 石填料已无法满足需求.与此同时,城市固体废物也随着城市化发展而大量产生,其中以生活垃圾焚烧后残留的底渣、海洋淤泥 以及建筑工程废土数量尤为庞大.针对世界各国(如丹麦、德国、荷兰等)对固体废物的处置和循环利用以及相关环境标准进行 比较说明,并以此为基础介绍采用“化学物理复合法(CPCM)”将新加坡淤泥和垃圾焚烧底渣转化为“淤泥-底渣垃圾材料矩阵 (MC- IBA Matriⅸ)”来进行填海造地的“新生土"技术.对化学处理后的新加坡海洋淤泥和生活垃圾焚烧底渣混合物,采用室内三 维真空预压和逐级堆载两种不同物理方法来进行加固处理,然后对生成的矩阵材料进行工程测试并依照欧盟与美国的标准进行 重金属浸出试验.结果表明:生成的材料矩阵其地基允许承载力在4-6个月内可达15/m2,高于一般港口要求(8-12tm2).与 丹麦No.1662法令和LAGA德国道路工程材料质量标准比较,此材料的重金属浸出值符合其工程材料标准;与荷兰土壤质量法 令中工业土壤质量标准相比,此材料符合工业用土标准.工程及环境试验结果均表明了“新生土”作为填海材料的可行性和优越 性.从环保角度而言,“新生土”技术中潜在的重金属污染可控,又可缓解日益紧张的填埋场地;从工程角度来看,在较短时间内 产生较高地基允许承载力减少了传统高价砂石的使用,降低工程的时间和成本.因此,对土地有限的国家和地区来说,该绿色技 术可解决缺少填埋场用地和填海材料的双重难题 关键词:城 圾;淤泥;焚烧底渣;淤泥-底渣垃圾材料矩阵;化学物理复合法;“新生土”;填海造地 中图分类号:X70 文章编号:1001-6929(2018)07-117408 文献标志码:A DOIL:10.13198/i.issn.1001-6929.2018.05.06 Research Progress of Recycling Singapore Solid Wastes for Land Reclamation WU Dongqing, GUO Lin Chemilink R&D Centre, Chemilink Technologies Group, Singapore 739462, Singapore Abstract: Recently, due to fast urbanization and economic development, demand on reclaimed land is greatly increased in coastal countries and areas including Singapore. Limited resources of conventional filling materials cannot fulfil such a demand of increasing reclamation projects. Meanwhile, rapid generation of solid wastes has been another great concern, especially incineration bottom ash marine clay and construction wastes. Solid waste reutilization and relevant reuse standards in different countries, such as Denmark German, Netherlands and so on, were introduced and compared. Based on these standards, green technology (NewSoil' )which transforms the incineration bottom ash IBA)and marine clay(MC)into*MC-IBA matrix'for land reclamation using Chemica Physical Combined Method( CPCM)has been introduced. Two physical methods, vacuum preloading and surcharge were applied on chemical stabilized MC and IBA mixture for strength improvement. Engineering properties and heavy metal leaching based on European Union and American standards of the resulted MC-lBA matrix were tested. Results showed that, bearing capacity of the resulted matrix can be achieved to 15 t/m, higher than the normal seaport requirement of 8-12 t/m; compared with Denmark Statutory Order 1662 and German LAGA standards, heavy metal leaching from matrix material fulfilled the requirements for construction material. Compared with Dutch Soil Quality Decree 2007, the matrix material met industrial soil standard. Engineering and environmental tests proved the feasibility d advantage of using*NewSoil'for reclamation From environmental aspect, NewSoil'technology could control potential heavy metal leaching threat and alleviate the high stress on finding landfill space. From engineering aspect, it can achieve high allowable bearing 收稿日期:2018-03-20修订日期:2018-05-11 作者简介:武冬青(1959-),男,新加坡华人,博土,教授,主要从事土木、交通及岩土工程、材料科学与工程和固体废料的利用和管理研究, a chemilink. com 基金项目:新加坡国家环境局“环境可持续发展创新”基金项目(N. ETO/CF/3∥) Supported by Innovation for Environmental Sustainability Fund from National Environment Agency(NEA)of Singapore(No ETO/CF//1)第 31 卷 第 7 期 2018 年 7 月 环 境 科 学 研 究 Research of Environmental Sciences Vol.31ꎬNo.7 Julyꎬ2018 收稿日期: 2018 ̄03 ̄20 修订日期: 2018 ̄05 ̄11 作者简介: 武冬青(1959 ̄)ꎬ男ꎬ新加坡华人ꎬ博士ꎬ教授ꎬ主要从事土木、交通及岩土工程、材料科学与工程和固体废料的利用和管理研究ꎬ wu@ chemilink.com. 基金项目: 新加坡国家环境局“环境可持续发展创新”基金项目(No.ETO∕CF∕3∕1) Supported by Innovation for Environmental Sustainability Fund from National Environment Agency (NEA) of Singapore (No.ETO∕CF∕3∕1) 武冬青ꎬ郭琳.新加坡固体废物循环利用于填海造地技术的研究进展[J].环境科学研究ꎬ2018ꎬ31(7):1174 ̄1181. WU Dongqingꎬ GUO Lin. Research progress of recycling Singapore solid wastes for land reclamation[J].Research of Environmental Sciencesꎬ2018ꎬ31(7): 1174 ̄1181. 新加坡固体废物循环利用于填海造地技术的研究进展 武冬青ꎬ 郭 琳 凯密林克科技集团ꎬ 凯密林克科技研发中心ꎬ 新加坡 739462ꎬ 新加坡 摘要: 近年来ꎬ经济快速发展使得包括新加坡在内的许多沿海国家和地区土地需求量增多ꎬ每年的填海规模不断增大ꎬ传统的砂 石填料已无法满足需求. 与此同时ꎬ城市固体废物也随着城市化发展而大量产生ꎬ其中以生活垃圾焚烧后残留的底渣、海洋淤泥 以及建筑工程废土数量尤为庞大. 针对世界各国(如丹麦、德国、荷兰等)对固体废物的处置和循环利用以及相关环境标准进行 比较说明ꎬ并以此为基础介绍采用“化学物理复合法(CPCM)”将新加坡淤泥和垃圾焚烧底渣转化为“淤泥 ̄底渣垃圾材料矩阵 (MC ̄IBA Matrix)”来进行填海造地的“新生土”技术. 对化学处理后的新加坡海洋淤泥和生活垃圾焚烧底渣混合物ꎬ采用室内三 维真空预压和逐级堆载两种不同物理方法来进行加固处理ꎬ然后对生成的矩阵材料进行工程测试并依照欧盟与美国的标准进行 重金属浸出试验. 结果表明:生成的材料矩阵其地基允许承载力在 4~ 6 个月内可达 15 t∕m 2 ꎬ高于一般港口要求(8 ~ 12 t∕m 2 ). 与 丹麦 No.1662 法令和 LAGA 德国道路工程材料质量标准比较ꎬ此材料的重金属浸出值符合其工程材料标准ꎻ 与荷兰土壤质量法 令中工业土壤质量标准相比ꎬ此材料符合工业用土标准. 工程及环境试验结果均表明了“新生土”作为填海材料的可行性和优越 性. 从环保角度而言ꎬ“新生土”技术中潜在的重金属污染可控ꎬ又可缓解日益紧张的填埋场地ꎻ 从工程角度来看ꎬ在较短时间内 产生较高地基允许承载力ꎬ减少了传统高价砂石的使用ꎬ降低工程的时间和成本. 因此ꎬ对土地有限的国家和地区来说ꎬ该绿色技 术可解决缺少填埋场用地和填海材料的双重难题. 关键词: 城市生活垃圾ꎻ 淤泥ꎻ 焚烧底渣ꎻ 淤泥 ̄底渣垃圾材料矩阵ꎻ 化学物理复合法ꎻ “新生土”ꎻ 填海造地 中图分类号: X705 文章编号: 1001 ̄6929(2018)07 ̄1174 ̄08 文献标志码: A DOI: 10􀆰 13198∕j􀆰 issn􀆰 1001 ̄6929􀆰 2018􀆰 05􀆰 06 Research Progress of Recycling Singapore Solid Wastes for Land Reclamation WU Dongqingꎬ GUO Lin Chemilink R&D Centreꎬ Chemilink Technologies Groupꎬ Singapore 739462ꎬ Singapore Abstract: Recentlyꎬ due to fast urbanization and economic developmentꎬ demand on reclaimed land is greatly increased in coastal countries and areas including Singapore. Limited resources of conventional filling materials cannot fulfil such a demand of increasing reclamation projects. Meanwhileꎬ rapid generation of solid wastes has been another great concernꎬ especially incineration bottom ashꎬ marine clay and construction wastes. Solid waste reutilization and relevant reuse standards in different countriesꎬ such as Denmarkꎬ Germanꎬ Netherlands and so onꎬ were introduced and compared. Based on these standardsꎬ green technology (‘ NewSoil’) which transforms the incineration bottom ash ( IBA) and marine clay ( MC) into ‘ MC ̄IBA matrix’ for land reclamation using ‘ Chemical ̄ Physical Combined Method (CPCM)’ has been introduced. Two physical methodsꎬ vacuum preloading and surcharge were applied on chemical stabilized MC and IBA mixture for strength improvement. Engineering properties and heavy metal leaching based on European Union and American standards of the resulted MC ̄IBA matrix were tested. Results showed thatꎬ bearing capacity of the resulted matrix can be achieved to 15 t∕m 2 ꎬ higher than the normal seaport requirement of 8 ̄12 t∕m 2 ꎻ compared with Denmark Statutory Order 1662 and German LAGA standardsꎬ heavy metal leaching from matrix material fulfilled the requirements for construction material. Compared with Dutch Soil Quality Decree 2007ꎬ the matrix material met industrial soil standard. Engineering and environmental tests proved the feasibility and advantage of using ‘NewSoil’ for reclamation. From environmental aspectꎬ ‘NewSoil’ technology could control potential heavy metal leaching threat and alleviate the high stress on finding landfill space. From engineering aspectꎬ it can achieve high allowable bearing
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